국내 중소제조기업의 제품 개발 프로세스에 대한 애자일 방식의 적합성 연구:전문가 델파이 조사를 중심으로
A Delphi Study on the Applicability of Agile Approach to Product Development Processes in Korean SME Manufacturing Companies
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4차 산업혁명 시대를 맞이하여 제조 기업의 제품 개발 환경은 소프트웨어 역량을 통한 제품 차별화 필요로 점점 복잡해지면서, 짧아진 출시 주기와 사용자 피드백의 민첩한 반영을 요구하고 있다. 이미 소프트웨어 산업계에서는 이러한 변화에 대응하기 위해 애자일 방식을 지난 10여 년간 광범위하게 소프트웨어 개발 프로세스에 적용하면서 긍정적인 성과를 얻고 있다. 이에 따라, 최근 들어 많은 제조 기업들이 기존 개발 방식의 대안으로 애자일 방식을 사용하여 제품 경쟁력과 개발 민첩성을 확보하는 것에 큰 관심을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전문가 델파이 방법을 이용하여 국내 중소제조기업에 애자일 방식의 적용 타당성과 효용성을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 대부분의 전문가들이 중소제조기업의 경쟁력을 위해서는 점진적인 애자일 방식의 적용을 통해 제품 개발의 민첩성 확보가 필수적이고, 특히 대표적인 애자일 관리 방식인 스크럼(SCRUM) 프랙티스가 소프트웨어 산업계뿐만 아니라 제조기업의 민첩성과 경쟁력을 높이는데 핵심적이라는 의견으로 나타났다. 델파이 조사 결과를 토대로 학문적인 시사점뿐만 아니라 실무적인 측면에서의 시사점을 도출하였다. 본 연구를 통해 4차 산업혁명에 대응할 수 있는 주요 전략으로 애자일 방식이 국내 중소제조기업의 제품이나 서비스 개발의 주요 방법론으로 선택될 수 있고, 스크럼 애자일 프랙티스가 조직에 우선적으로 적용될 수 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다.
Abstract
In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the new product development environment of manufacturing companies is becoming increasingly complex with the need to differentiate their products through software competency, demanding quick product release cycles and quick reflection of user feedback. Linear product development processes cannot support the iterative cycles and external collaboration that characterize today’s current competitive environment and product development efforts. Having already widely utilized in the software industry for past decades, the agile methods has been found to make various benefits by applying them to software development processes over the last decade. Therefore, in recent years, many manufacturing companies have shown great interest in securing product competitiveness and development agility by applying agile method as an alternative to existing development methods. In this study, we analyze the feasibility and applicability of applying the agile method to Korean small and medium-sized manufacturing companies using the expert Delphi method. This paper found that most experts have agreed that agile strategy and incremental adoption of agile practices-especially SCRUM method are essential to secure agility of product development for enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs. Based on the results of the Delphi survey, not only academic implications but also practical implications were derived. This study shows that agile methods can be selected by local SME manufacturing companies as the key strategies to cope with the fourth industrial revolution, and SCRUM agile practices can be employed to the SME manufacturing enterprises first among other agile practices to yield the positive performance and other advantages quickly.
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