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자기 대상화 경험과 성형 의도에 영향을 미치는 외모관련 커뮤니케이션: 부모의 건강외모대화척도의 타당성 연구

Appearance-related Communication Affecting Self-Objectification and Cosmetic Surgery Intentions: Study on Validating the Parents’ Healthy-Appearance Talk Scale(HATS)

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초록

부모의 건강외모대화는 부모가 자녀에게 외모와 건강에 대해 나누는 의사소통 측면을 이해하는데 중요한 변인이다. 본 연구는 부모의 건강외모대화척도가 신뢰 할만한 측정 도구 인지를 검증하고자 다양한 연구대상을 바탕으로 타당화 연구를 수행하였다. 본연구는 세 가지 샘플을 통한 설문조사와 2회의 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 거쳐 척도의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 샘플 1은 남녀 중학생을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, 부모의 건강외모대화척도의 요인구조를 탐색적으로 확인하고 나아가 신뢰도 및 확인적 요인분석을 통해 구성타당도를 검증하였다. 포커스 그룹 인터뷰는 부모의 건강외모대화척도의 안면타당도 및 내용타당도를 검증하기 위해 대학생과 학계 전문가를 대상으로 시행하였다. 샘플 2는 남녀 중고등학교 학생을 대상으로 수집되어 척도의 구성타당도 및공인타당도를 검증하였다. 끝으로 샘플 3은 대학생들을 대상으로 그들에 맞게 부모와의건강외모대화를 수정하여 개발된 척도가 외모와 관련한 자기 대상화 및 이상적 외모에대한 사회문화적 경험과 어떠한 상관관계를 맺는지 살펴봄으로써 공인타당도를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 부모의 건강외모대화척도는 연구 대상에 따라 단일요인이나 긍정외모대화와 건강몸매대화의 2요인 구조로 파악될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 부모의 건강외모대화척도는 자기 대상화 및 성형의도와 부적 상관관계를, 외모 만족, 신체 효능감과는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 부모의 건강외모대화척도는 가족간 주요 가치관을 형성해 나가는 커뮤니케이션 내용의 한 형태이자 자녀의 신체 이미지 나 외모 가치관에 대해 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 부모의 긍정 대화로 규정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 부모의 건강외모대화는 외모보다 건강을 중심으로 하는 대화 양식을 측정하는 척도로서 타당성이 검증된 도구임을 확인하였다. 이와 함께 본 연구의 제한점 및향후 연구방향을 논의하였다.

Abstract

Parents’ healthy-appearance talk or conversation is essential in understanding how their children build specific body images. This study aims to validate the Parents’ Healthy-Appearance Talk Scale(HATS) as a reliable measurement tool across different samples. This study verified the validity and reliability of the scale using questionnaire surveys for three samples and using a focus group interview method for two groups. In order to verify the parents’ HAT scale, this study collected participants from three samples - 613 middle school students, 500 middle and high school students, and 220 college students. All three samples include males and females. As a result, the parent’s healthy-appearance talk scale can be understood as a single factor or a two-factor structure of positive appearance talk and healthy body talk depending on the study subjects and samples. Parents’ healthy-appearance talk scale showed negative associations with plastic surgery intention and self-objectification, whereas it showed positive associations with appearance satisfaction and physical efficacy. This study confirmed that the parent’s healthy-appearance talk was a validated tool to measure the communication style centered on health rather than appearance among parents and their children. The limitations of this study, along with future research directions, were discussed.

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