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금연동기가 금연성공에 미치는 영향 : 정서조절방략의 조절효과를 중심으로

The Effect Smoking Cessation Motivation for smoking cessation success : Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Emotion Regulation Strategies

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초록

본 연구는 중증·고도 흡연자를 대상으로 금연동기와 금연성공 여부와의 관계는 정서조절방략(접근적 방략, 주의분산적 방략, 지지추구적 방략, 부적응적 방략) 사용 수준에 의해 조절효과를 갖는지 살펴봄으로써, 효율적인 금연프로그램을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구는 2016년 1월부터 2017년 10월까지 A시에 소재한 지역금연지원센터 전문치료형 금연캠프 수료자 376명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들 중 시행된 질문지에 성실히 응답하지 않은 111명을 제외한 최종 265명을 연구대상으로 선정하였고, 6개월 금연성공 여부에 따라 금연성공군(174명)과 금연실패군(91명)으로 나누어 통계 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 금연성공군과 실패군 간의 유의한 차이를 보인 변수는 니코틴 의존도로 나타났으며, 금연실패군에 속한 참가자들이 보고한 니코틴 의존도의 수준은 금연성공군에 속한 참가자들이 보고한 니코틴 의존도의 수준보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 6개월 금연성공 여부는 흡연 관련 병력 및 정신과 병력 둘 다와 유의한 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 흡연 관련 병력이 있으면 금연성공이 더 높았으며, 정신과 병력이 없으면 금연성공이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 연령이 높은 흡연자가 연령이 낮은 흡연자보다 6개월 금연성공률이 높았고, 교육 수준이 높은 군이 금연성공률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 선행 연구와 일치한다. 셋째 본 연구에서는 전문치료형 금연캠프 수료자 중 6개월 금연성공자 그룹의 금연성공과 관련된 예측변인으로 금연동기가 유의하게 예측되지 않아, 금연동기가 금연성공과 관련된 요인이라고 보고한 선행연구와 일치하지는 않았다. 이는 본 연구 참가자의 금연성공군과 금연실패군이 이미 금연을 시도하는데 높은 동기수준이기 때문에 6개월 금연성공 예측 요인으로 변별이 되지 않은 것으로 보인다. 넷째, 금연성공에 대해 금연동기와 접근적 정서조절방략의 상호작용 효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 접근적 방략의 수준이 높아질수록(저수준에서 고수준으로 갈수록), 금연동기가 6개월 금연성공 확률에 미치는 효과가 더욱 증가하는 양상을 나타냈다. 한편, 6개월 금연성공과 금연동기 간의 관계에서 다른 정서조절방략들의 조절효과는 유의하지 않게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구의 방향에 대하여 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the relationship between smoking cessation motivation and success in smoking cessation had a moderating effect according to the level of use of emotional control strategies (approaching strategy, distractive strategy, support-seeking strategy, and maladaptive strategy) for serious and heavy smokers. By looking at it, it is to provide basic data for an effective smoking cessation program. For this study, from January 2016 to October 2017, 265 people who faithfully answered the questionnaire were selected as the research subjects among 376 people who completed the residential smoking cessation camp program in the local smoking cessation support center located in A city. Statistical analysis was performed by dividing the smoking cessation success group (174 people) and smoking cessation failure group (91 people) according to the results. The result was as follows. First, the variable that showed a significant difference between the successful and unsuccessful smoking cessation group was nicotine dependence. was found to be significantly higher than the level of In addition, 6-month smoking cessation success was found to be significantly related to both smoking-related and psychiatric history. Smoking cessation success was higher if there was a history of smoking and no psychiatric history was found to be successful in quitting smoking. Second, the smoking cessation success rate at 6 months was higher in the older smokers and the higher education group, and this result is consistent with previous studies. Third, smoking cessation motive was not significantly predicted as a predictor variable related to smoking cessation success in the 6-month smoking cessation group among the graduates, so it was not consistent with previous studies that reported that quitting motive was a factor related to smoking cessation success. This does not seem to be discriminated as a predictor of 6-month smoking cessation success because the smoking cessation success group and the non-smoking group of the participants in this study already had a high level of motivation for trying to quit smoking. Fourth, the interaction effect of smoking cessation motive and approaching emotion control strategy was significant on the success of smoking cessation. As the level of access strategy increased (from low level to high level), the effect of smoking cessation motivation on the 6-month smoking cessation probability increased more. On the other hand, the moderating effect of other emotion regulation strategies was insignificant in the relationship between 6-month smoking cessation success and smoking cessation motivation. Based on the results, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

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