장애인의 심리？사회적 적응을 위한 재활 상담 기법 및 중재방안
Counseling Clients with Disabilities: Psychosocial Adjustment to Disability, Potential Problems Presented, and Intervention Strategies
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장애인 내담자 (clients with disabilities)는 재활상담사(rehabilitation counselors)에게 도전과 기회를 동시에 제공한다. 즉, 상담 과정에서 장애인 내담자에게 나타나는 문제나 상황들의 대부분은 비장애인 내담자의 그것과 매우 유사하지만, 장애는 비장애인 내담자에게서 찾아볼 수 없는 몇몇 고유한 상담상의 문제들을 촉발한다. 이 글은 재활상담사가 장애인 내담자에게 보다 효과적인 상담 서비스를 제공하는데 필요한 기법 및 중재 전략들의 소개를 주된 목적으로 하고 있다. 이 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해, 장애에 대한 심리 사회적 적응, 잠재적 문제 유형, 치료적 공통 요인, 상담 중재 어프로치, 상담과정의 일반 원칙 및 장애관련 에티켓 등의 내용을 다루었다.
Abstract
Clients with disabilities present rehabilitation counselors with challenges as well as opportunities. Although most problems presented by clients with disabilities are very similar in nature to those of clients without disabilities, there are some unique issues (e.g., discrimination and stigma, depression, substance/alcohol abuse, etc) that a client with a disability poses in the counseling process due to his or her disabling condition. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to outline basic knowledge in order for counselors and rehabilitation professionals to provide an effective counseling service for a client with a disability. To this end, a brief overview in the psychosocial adaptation to disability and stages of adaptation are provided. It is followed by a description of potential problems that clients with disabilities may present during the counseling process. It then moves to address therapeutic common factors which can be applied in the counseling process. Next, three counseling intervention approaches, including social network development, family therapy, and facilitating self-determination, are discussed. Finally, general principles and etiquettes related to counseling clients with disabilities are presented.
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