퇴직연금 가입자의 추가 납입 행동에 대한 사례 연구
A Case Study on Voluntary Contribution Behavior of Defined Contribution Plan Members
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초록
본 연구는 확정기여형 퇴직연금제도를 운영하고 있는 사업장을 대상으로 2006년부터 2014년까지 가입자(1,238명×6년=7,428명)의 자발적인 추가 납입 행동을 분석한 것이다. 추가 납입 참가율, 추가 납입액 및 기여율에 대한 정태패널모형 분석 결과, 여성과 적립금 규모가 큰 근로자일수록 추가 납입에 적극적으로 참여하는 것으로 나타났다. 동태패널모형을 이용하여 추정한 결과, 당기 추가 납입은 전기 추가 납입과 정(+)의 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 기여 행동의 지속성이 존재함을 시사하는 것이다. 2014년 추가 납입하는 퇴직연금 기여금에 대한 세제혜택을 소득공제방식에서 세액공제방식으로 변경하였는데, 이로 인해 추가 납입 참가율은 낮아졌으며, 추가 납입액 및 기여율(임금 대비 납입액)도 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 세제혜택 부여방식을 소득공제에서 세액공제로 전환한 정책으로 퇴직연금 가입자의 추가 납입 행동이 위축되었음을 확인하였다.
Abstract
This paper provides an empirical analysis of voluntary additional contribution decisions within the defined contribution plan members (n=7,428) using the administrative data of working place in Korea during the period from 2006 to 2014. We examine how workers use their voluntary additional contribution program with tax benefit using panel models. The results of static panel models show that female, income level, and accumulated asset size have a positive association with voluntary additional contribution behavior. Under the dynamic panel models, we find the persistency of contribution behavior over time. On the other hand, both contribution amount and contribution rate (contribution amount/wage) was reduced after the Korean government tax policy change from income tax deduction to tax credit. The results imply that the change of tax benefit scheme induced the overall shrinking of voluntary additional contribution behavior.
참고문헌 (19)
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