한국 영아의 초기 어휘발달: 8개월-17개월
Early lexical development of Korean infants: 8-17 months.
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초록
한국 영아들의 초기 어휘발달을 연구하기 위해 MCDI를 이용하여 8개월부터 17개월 영아 563명의 월령별 표현어휘와 이해어휘를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 첫째 이 시기 영아들의 이해어휘는 표현어휘보다 평균 3배 정도 더 많았으며, 표현어휘가 50개가 되는 시점은 17개월이었다. 둘째, 여아가 남아보다 표현어휘가 유의하게 많았으며, 이해어휘 수에 있어서는 성차가 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 초기 표현어휘는 사람을 지칭하는 어휘를 포함하여 명사류가 반 이상을 차지하며 보통명사는 27%에 해당하였다. 명사류와 일상생활에 관련된 어휘들을 포함하면 전체 표현어휘의 90%가량을 차지하였다. 이 외에 동사는 전체 표현 어휘의 4.2%를 차지하였다. 이러한 결과는 언어적 구조가 상이한 영어, 이태리어의 초기 어휘발달과 차이점보다는 유사성을 보여주는 것으로 초기 어휘습득과정에서 작용하는 제약성의 존재를 지지하는 증거로 해석된다.
Abstract
The first stage of lexical development was examined with 563 Korean infants between 8 and 17 months of age. The results show that infants understood 3 times more words than they produced and production reached a 50-word milestone at around 17 months. Also girls produced more words than boys but there was no difference in comprehension. Finally, verbs occupy only 4% of total production vocabulary, whereas nominals(broadly defined) or nouns (narrowly defined) accounted for 71% or 27% of total production vocabulary. The results were compared with English- and Italian-speaking infants‘ data in the literature and revealed more similarities than differences in the composition of early productive vocabularies among different languages.
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