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심리치료에서 도식과 양식 개념에 대한 고찰

Theoretical Review of the Schema and the Model Concepts in Psychotherapies

권석만|유성진
한국심리학회 (The Korean Psychological Association)|2008.06|한국심리학회지:일반 (Korean Journal of Psychology: General)|제27권 제1호|pp. 91-117

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참고문헌

키워드

early maladaptive schema양식schemamode초기부적응도식도식분열정서도식인지도식cognitive schemaemotion schemesplits
주제분류심리과학

초록

심리치료는 흔히 ‘자기 내면으로의 여행’이라고 비유된다. 이것은 심리치료가 자기에 대한 집중적인 탐색을 통해 과거에는 충분히 인식하지 못했던 자기의 다양한 측면들을 세밀하게 알아차리는 과정이라는 점에 주목한 비유일 것이다. 여기서, ‘자기’는 인식의 객체인 동시에 인식의 주체인 복합적인 속성을 지니고 있으며, 심리학과 심리치료의 역사에서 가장 많은 조명을 받아온 연구주제이기도 하다. 본고에서는 이러한 자기를 이해하기 위해 제안된 ‘도식(schema)’과 ‘양식(mode)’ 개념을 이론적으로 고찰하였다. 특히, 현대 심리치료의 주요한 흐름인 A. T. Beck의 인지치료, L. S. Greenberg의 정서중심치료, 그리고 J. E. Young의 심리도식치료에서 도식과 양식을 각각 어떻게 개념화하고 있는지 개관하고, 그 유사성과 차별성을 논의하였다. 아울러, 최근 주목받고 있는 다양한 연구주제 및 심리치료의 최신동향과 관련지어 도식과 양식 개념을 이해하려고 시도하였다.

Abstract

There are many people who compare psychotherapy to a journey toward one's inner world. The reason this figurative expression is commonly used is that the patient extensively explore various aspects of his or her self, which are not fully identified before, in the process of psychotherapy. Probably, the construct of self which is not only the object of awareness but also the agency of it has been mostly highlighted in psychology and psychotherapy. In this article, authors reviewed the concepts of 'schema' and 'mode' what are developed respectively to understand or comprehend the construct of self in three major psychotherapies(i.e., Aaron T. Beck's Cognitive Therapy ; Leslie S. Greenberg's Emotion-Focused Therapy ; Jeffrey E. Young's Schema Therapy). In addition, authors discussed the similarities and differences of the suggested concepts. Finally the implications of this study were discussed and further suggestions were made.

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