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생태학적 순간 평가로 본 경계선 성격 성향이 높은 사람들의 정서적 불안정성: 부정 및 긍정 정서 중심으로

Affective Instability in People with High Borderline Personality Features according to Ecological Momentary Assessment: A Focus on Negative and Positive Affect

황성훈|김혜진
한국정서행동장애학회 (The Korean Society of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders)|2023.12|정서·행동장애연구 (JOURNAL OF EMOTIONAL & BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS)|제39권 제4호|pp. 171-189|DOI 10.33770/JEBD.39.4.8

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참고문헌

키워드

경계선 성격 성향정서적 불안정성다수준 분석Multilevel Analysis생태학적 순간 평가Borderline Personality FeaturesAffective InstabilityEcological Momentary Assessment

초록

본 연구는 정서적 불안정성이 주요 특징인 경계선 성격 성향자를 대상으로 생태학적 순간 평가를 통해 일상 속에 정서의 조절과 가변성을 평가하고자 했다. 543명의 사이버대학생을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 통해 경계선 성향(n=19)과 정상 통제 집단(n=20)을 선별하였다. 두 집단을 대상으로 7일 동안 하루 두 번(오전, 오후) 총 14회에 걸쳐 당시 경험하는 부정 및 긍정 정서, 정서 조절 곤란, 정서 기반적인 충동성인 긴급성 등을 측정했다. 집단 차이는 두 가지로 분석되었는데, 첫 번째로 부정 및 긍정 정서가(valence)로 나누어 정서 조절 곤란과 긴급성을 다수준 분석을 통해 비교하였고, 두 번째로 14회에 걸쳐 측정된 부정 및 긍정 정서의 분산, 계차제곱평균(MSSD), 강도 변산성, 질적 변산성 등의 가변성 지표를 산출하여 비교했다. 그 결과, 부정 정서의 조절 곤란과 부정 긴급성은 경계선 집단이 통제 집단보다 유의미하게 높았다. 이와 일치하게, 부정 정서의 MSSD에서 경계선 집단이 통제 집단보다 유의미하게 더 높았고, 분산에서는 차이가 없었다. 한편, 긍정 정서 영역에서는 정서 조절 곤란과 긴급성에서 경계선 성향이 더 높았으나, 분산과 MSSD에서는 차이가 없었다. 정서가를 합친 가변성 지표인 강도 변산성과 질적 변산성에서도 집단 간 차이는 없었다. 일상 속에서 경계선 성향자들은 정서 조절의 어려움과 그에 따른 불안정성을 겪되, 그 양상이 긍정 정서보다는 부정 정서에서 더 뚜렷한 점에 대해 논의하였고, 한계와 향후 연구 방향에 대해 제시했다.

Abstract

This study was to evaluate the regulation and variability of emotions in daily life through ecological momentary assessment in people with borderline personality traits whose main characteristic is affective instability. A borderline personality features group (n=19) and a normal control group (n=20) were selected through an online survey targeting 543 cyber university students. For the two groups, negative and positive emotions experienced at the time, emotion regulation difficulty, and urgency, which is an emotion-based impulsivity, were measured twice a day (morning and afternoon) for 7 days, 14 times in total. Group differences were analyzed in two ways: First, emotion regulation difficulty and urgency were divided into negative and positive valence and compared through multilevel analyses. Second, variability indicators such as variance of negative and positive affect, mean squared successive difference(MSSD), Pulse, and Spin, measured 14 times, were calculated and compared. The results showed difficulty regulating negative emotions and negative urgency were significantly higher in the borderline group than in the control group. Consistent with this, the borderline group had significantly higher MSSD of negative affect than the control group, but there was no difference in variance. Meanwhile, in the positive affect domain, the borderline group was higher in emotional dysregulation and urgency, but there were no group differences in variance and MSSD. There were no differences between the two groups in Pulse and Spin, which are the indicators of variability that were combined valences. It was discussed that in daily life, people with borderline personality features experience difficulties in regulating their emotions and the resulting instability, but this pattern is more evident in negative affect than in positive affect. Finally, limitations and future research directions were presented.

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