몸과 기독교 교육: 통전적 교육을 위한 유기체적 인식
Body and Christian Education: Organismic Understanding for a Holistic Education
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이 논문은 인간의 몸은 하나님의 창조물로서 전인(whole person)을 구성하는 영적, 정신적, 정서적 그리고 사회적 국면들과 뗄 수 없는 유기체적 관계에 있음을 논증하고 있다. 구약성경에서 표현되고 있는 단어들 - 네페쉬(נפשׁ), 바사르(בשׁר), 루아흐(רוח) - 의 의미를 고찰함으로서 인간의 몸은 하나님께로부터 온 것이며 서로 뗄 수 없는 관계에 있음을 예시하고 있다. 이 논문은 인간의 몸은 비영적(unspiritual)인 것이 아니며, 기독교 전통 안에서 몸을 억압하거나 고행하는 것을 영적훈련의 일환으로 여겨왔으나 이는 잘못되었음을 지적하면서, 몸을 잘 관리하는 것이 결코 영적 생활에 반하는 것이 아님을 주장하고 있다. 하지만 영적인 사람은 몸의 가능성과 불가능성을 인식하며 살아가는 사람임을 간과하지 않고 있다. 이 논문은 몸과 뇌의 관계, 몸과 정신의 관계를 재조명하면서 유기체적 인간 안에서 하나님이 활동하시는 방식을 설명하고 있다. 몸과 지식과의 관계는 현대 기독교교육의 중요한 주제가 되고 있으며, 몸이 의사소통의 매체라는 점에서 논점을 찾고 있다. 따라서 그리스도의 성육신과 수난은 하나님께서 인간과 소통하시는 방식이며, 몸의 언어가 기독교신앙과 교육에 있어서 핵심임을 역설하고 있다. 따라서 이 논문은 기독교교육을 위하여 몸의 경험을 포함하는 전인적인 교육과, 다른 국면들이 유기체적으로 상호작용하고 있음을 제언하고 있다. 이를 위해서는 상호 연관성, 상호 주체성을 염두에 두어야 함을 제시하고 있다. 기독교교육이 몸의 가치를 발견하게 하며, 정신적인 면뿐만 아니라 몸의 신장을 권장하는 내용과 프로그램들도 포함되어야 함을 주장하고 있다.
Abstract
This article is an explanation and argument of a organismic human body that is God's creation and is understood as one of the aspects of a whole person that cannot be separated from spiritual, intellectual, emotional and social aspects, by delineating the terms used in the Old Testament. It argues that body is not unspiritual and asserts that asceticism is not an ideal practice although it was regarded as an important spiritual training and was practiced in a strict manner in the history of Christian tradition. This article does not overlook the fact that a spiritual person is aware of what is possible and impossible in his/her life. This article explains the God's way of working with human beings by illuminating the relationship between body, brain and spirit. The relationship between body and knowledge is an important theme of modern Christian education because body is a medium of communication. Jesus' incarnation and passion is God's way of communicating with human beings and the language of the body is a core of Christian faith and Christian education. For Christian education, it is required to have a view of the human being as an organismic and whole person. Interrelatedness and intersubjectivity are the important principles of Christian education. Finally, it suggests that Christian education should have some programmes for spiritual growth including physical aspect of growth.
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