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개정판 한국 과보호 양육척도(K-POS-2)의 개발 및 타당화

Development and Validation of the Revised Korean-Parental Overprotection Scale (K-POS-2)

정경미|이승아
한국심리학회 (The Korean Psychological Association)|2023.06|한국심리학회지:일반 (Korean Journal of Psychology: General)|제42권 제2호|pp. 179-203|DOI 10.22257/kjp.2023.6.42.2.179

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참고문헌

키워드

parental overprotection과보호 양육개정판 한국 과보호 양육척도K-POS-2한국 문화특수적 과보호Korean-Parental Overprotection Scale-2 (K-POS-2)Korean cultural-specific overprotection
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 고등학생용 한국 과보호 양육척도(Korean Parental Overprotection Scale, K-POS; Chung & Yoon, 2015) 중 일부 하위 요인(체면 중시, 동일시)의 낮은 내적 일치도를 개선하고, 고등학생과 대학생 집단에 모두 활용 가능한 개정판 한국 과보호 양육척도(K-POS-2)를 개발 및 타당화하고자 하였다. 연구 1단계에서는 문헌 고찰과 사용자의 의견 수렴, 전문가의 내용 타당도 평가를 거쳐 총 29문항의 예비 척도를 도출하고, 고등학생 880명을 대상으로 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 거쳐 총 15문항의 4요인(성취 지향, 통제, 체면 중시, 동일시) 구조를 재확인하였다. 2단계로 대학생 총 993명을 모집하고 다집단 확인적 요인분석을 통해 고등학생과 대학생 집단에서 K-POS-2의 측정 동일성이 유지되는지 검증한 결과, 측정 동일성이 확인되었다. 마지막으로 고등학생 100명과 대학생 100명을 대상으로 K-POS-2의 타당도를 검증한 결과, K-POS-2는 기존 과보호 척도, 그리고 한국 문화에 특수적인 과보호 척도와 높은 상관을 보였으며, 일반적이고 바람직한 양육 태도를 측정하는 척도들과는 낮은 상관을 보고하여 높은 수렴 타당도와 변별 타당도를 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 K-POS-2가 심리측정적 특성과 유용성 측면에서 원척도에 비해 더욱 개선되었음을 보여준다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to improve the low internal consistency of two sub-scales of the Korean-Parental Overprotection Scale (K-POS), namely ‘face culture’ and ‘identification’, and to validate the revised scale for both high school and college students. In the fist step of the study, an initial pool of 29 items was developed through a literature review, focus group interviews, and content validity evaluations. The K-POS-2, consisting of 15 items with a four-factor structure (achievement orientation, control, face culture, and identification), was confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses with 880 high school students. Secondly, the validation of K-POS-2 was extended by conducting multi-group confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 993 college students. The findings from this analysis further supported the measurement equivalence of the scales between the high school student group and the college student group. The K-POS-2 was also examined for convergent and discriminant validities and test-retest reliability with a sample of 100 high school students and 100 college students. The results showed that the K-POS-2 had a high correlation with the Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker et al., 1979) and another Korean cultural-specific overprotection scale, while exhibiting low correlations with scales that measured general parenting behaviors. These findings suggest that the K-POS-2 has been significantly improved in terms of its psychometric properties and usefulness compared to the original scale. The limitations and recommendations for future research were also discussed.

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