시편의 문맥적 이해의 복음주의적 성경해석에의 기여
The Contributions of a Contextual Understanding of the Psalter to the Evangelical Interpretation of the Bible
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본 연구의 목적은 1970년대 이후에 유행하고 있는 시편의 문맥적 이해가 복음주의적 성경해석에 어떤 기여를 했는가를 파악하는 데 있다. 먼저 본 연구에 있어서 선구적인 기여를 한 학자들을 살펴보았다. 그 중에 델리취, 브렌낸, 차일즈의 기여가 두드러진다. 그런데 가장 큰 기여를 한 사람은 G. 윌슨이다. 그의 논문 “히브리 시편의 편집”과 후속 소고들은 시편의 문맥적 해석을 위한 확고한 방법론적 기초를 놓았다. 그럼에도 불구하고 그는 시편 제4-5권에 나오는 제왕시들의 전략적 배치를 밝혀내는데 실패하였고, 그로 말미암아 시편 전체의 편집 의도를 바로 간파하지 못했다. 그 이후 자이볼트, 메이스, 쨍어, 밑첼 등 학자들의 연구로 인하여 시편 마지막 두 권의 배열에 대한 상당한 연구의 진전이 있었고, 제왕시들을 전략적으로 배치한데 대한 편집의도를 더욱 명확하게 이해하게 되었다. 하지만 여전히 해결되지 않은 과제는 (비록 부분적인 연구는 있었지만) 시편 마지막두 권에 나오는 제왕시들의 전략적 배치에 대한 총체적인 연구가 부족하였다. 필자는 박사학위논문에서 바로 이 이슈를 다루었고, 이를 토대로 시편전체에 전략적으로 배치된 제왕시는 종말론적-메시야적 메시지가 핵심적인편집의도였음을 역설하게 되었다. 지금까지 연구를 기초로 시편의 문맥적 이해가 성경해석에 기여한 점을 4가지로 요약하였다. 1) 구속사적 성경이해에 크게 기여하게 되었다. 2) 그리스도 중심의 성경해석으로 인도하였다. 3) 시편도 문맥이 중요하다는 사실을일깨웠다(거시적, 미시적 맥락의 중요성). 4) 구약의 종말론에 대한 보다 넓은이해의 길을 열었다. 궁컬과 모빙컬은 주로 재구성된 역사적 의미를 찾는 데치중하였다면, 시편의 문맥적 해석은 시편의 문맥의 중요성을 발견하였고, 이로 말미암아 시편 전체의 메시지를 바로 이해하는 데 크게 기여하게 되었다.
Abstract
The goal of the present study is to find what are the contributions of a contextual understanding of the Psalter--which has been in vogue after 1970’s--to the evangelical interpretation of the Bible. First, the author surveyed some of the pioneers who greatly contributed to this method of research. The researches performed by Delitzsch, Brennan, and Childs are prominent among them. Above all, Gerald Wilson made the most outstanding contributions to this research. His thesis, The Editing of the Hebrew Psalter, and his journal articles established a solid methodological foundation for this research. Nevertheless, he failed to recognize the strategic arrangement of royal psalms in Books IV-V, and thereby he could not correctly identify the editorial purpose of the Psalter as a whole. Afterwards, the researches performed by such scholars as Seybold, Mays,Zenger, Mitchell, and so on made much progress in the research of the strategic positioning of royal psalms in the last two books of the Psalter,and thereby we came to understand the editorial agenda behind the strategic arrangement of the royal psalms more clearly. However, the problem yet to be solved (though there were partial studies) was to identify the strategic positioning of royal psalms in the last two books of the Psalter as a whole. The present author dealt with the very issue in my doctoral dissertation, in which he claimed that the royal psalms strategically positioned in the whole Psalms deliver an eschatological-messianic message, that is, the central editorial agenda of the final form of the Psalter. Based upon the studies done up to the present, the author summarized the following four points of contributions of a contextual understanding of the Psalter to the biblical interpretation. 1) It greatly contributed to our redemptive-historical understanding of the Bible. 2) It led to the Christ-centered understanding of the Bible. 3) It aroused us to realize the importance of the context of the Psalter (the importance of the macro- and micro-contexts). 4) It opened our eyes wide to see the eschatology of the Old Testament more clearly. Gunkel and Mowinckel focused narrowly on finding out the reconstructed historical meaning of the text, but a contextual understanding of the Psalter led us to see the importance of the literary context of the Psalter, and thereby greatly contributed to a better understanding of the message of the whole Psalter.
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