일본 교육개혁 입법의 쟁점과 시사점
The Issue and Lesson of Legislation for Educational Reform in Japan
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초록
21세기에 일본이 밝고 풍요로운 미래를 개척해가기 위해서는, 사회의 존립 기반인 교육에 관하여 새로운 시대에 적합한 위상을 생각하고, 그 개혁과 진흥을 추진해 가는 것이 중요하다는 인식이다. 이를 위해 앞으로의 교육목표를 명확하게 나타내고, 필요한 시책을 계획적으로 진행할 수 있도록 교육진흥 기본계획을 책정함과 동시에, 모든 교육법령의 근본법인 교육기본법의 새로운 시대의 적합한 위상에 관하여 종합적인 검토가 필요하다고 본 것이다. 위의 문제에 대하여 문부과학대신의 자문을 받은 중앙교육심의회에는 검토를 진행하고 있지만, 일각에서는 교육기본법의 개정에 대하여 부정적 의견이 제기되어 논쟁의 소용돌이에 휘말리게 되었다.2. 중앙교육심의회의 심의 경과
Abstract
The Purpose of this research is to find suggestions for Korean educational reform and legislation through the study on the Japanese case. For this, I anayzed the trends of educational refoem policy at the 1st chapter. And introduced the "17th suggestions to change the education(2000. 12)" (suggested by National Congerence for Educational Reform) and 3 main new Acts(NPO Act, Information Open Act, Entire Act for Decentralization) which is estimated as a propeller of Japanese recent innovation. About the issue of Japanese educational reform, I investigated the backgrounds of this policy, the interim report of the Center Council for Education, and various critical reports and NPO's movement against it. According to the persistence of reformer, the Educational Basic Law should be revised to add the public character of educaion, identity of Japanese, patriotiwm of nationalism, and life-long of educaiton, etc. But, the anti-group assert that there is no reason to revise the Law, because it already involves reformer's main ideas in the text. As a conclusion, I suggested the four lessons through the Japanese case study. Firstly, Before the educaional reform, it is the first and indispensable prerequisite to prepare the social and administrational nationwide reforming of Act like as NPO Act, Informaion Open Act, Entire Act for Decentralization. Secondlly, A Constitution(Aricles 31, in Korea) and Educational Basic Law should ve acted as a barometer in the legislation of educational reform. Thirdly, the process of policy decision-making to melt and mediate the various opinions should be guaranteed in the aspect of system and law. Lastly, when we legislate the Educational Reform Law, we should recognize thar the final purpose of any law is to realize the student's eductional basic right.