DEA를 활용한 의료서비스 산업의 효율성:국제비교 연구
Efficiency of Healthcare Service Industry in OECD Countries:An International Comparative Study
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초록
최근 들어 의료서비스 산업의 시장화에 대한 논의가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이에 대해 찬반양론이 팽팽하게 맞서고 있는데, 이러한 양측의 논거가 국민건강권의 확보와 시장화를 통한 수익 창출이라는 서로 다른 가치관에 근거하고 있어 합의점을 도출하기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 세계 각국의 의료서비스 산업을 효율성의 관점에서 비교 분석함으로써 현재 우리나라 의료서비스 산업의 위치를 가늠해 보고, 우리나라와 다른 의료 서비스 체제를 가진 나라들의 효율성 값을 통해 시장화 정책 도입 이후의 변화의 방향을 예측해 보고자 하였다. 분석 자료로는 OECD Health Data를 활용하였고, 분석방법으로는 DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)를 이용하였다. 분석결과 우리나라의 의료서비스 산업은 전반적으로 효율적인 것으로 나타났으며, 재무성과 효율성과 운영성과 효율성은 상대적으로 떨어지는 것으로 분석되었다.
Abstract
In the downturn of the global economy, the healthcare industry is expected to be a booster and facilitator with information technology and biotechnology. As a result, countries are attempting to stimulate the development of their healthcare industries. In Korea the healthcare system is operated as a not-for-profit organization by the government to protect customers and patients focusing on providing them with equal service opportunity. But nowadays there is a movement to introduce profit-oriented hospitals similar to those in the American healthcare system. The Korean government tried to introduce a profit-oriented hospital in Jeju Island as a prototype before introducing the new policy more generally. However, the attempt was not successful because Jeju citizens rejected the policy. Nevertheless, we argue that the Korean government should consider introducing the new policy of profit-oriented hospitals to improve managerial competence and profitability in domestic hospitals. As a result, we are going to analyze the Korean healthcare system from an efficiency perspective. The purpose of this paper is to assess the efficiency of the healthcare service industry in OECD countries by using the data envelopment analysis method. We investigated and performed an international comparative study of human resource efficiency, invested asset efficiency, customer oriented, operation oriented and financial performance oriented efficiency for 18 OECD countries. The data was collected from OECD health data and analyzed through the Frontier Analyst Program. The result shows that the efficiency of the Korean healthcare service industry is relatively low in terms of operational and financial performance.
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