운전 중 해상풍력발전기 수중소음 모니터링 및 분석
Monitoring and Analysis of Underwater Noise for an Offshore Wind Turbine During Operation
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Underwater noise from operating an offshore wind turbine is mainly attributed to mechanical vibrations from the nacelle, yet systematic long-term studies on its frequency characteristics remain limited. This study investigates the correlation between underwater noise and turbine vibration using a simplified acoustic monitoring system. The relationship between tower vibration and radiated underwater sound was verified with simultaneous measurements. For long-term monitoring, buoy-based and seabed-mounted acoustic systems were installed near an operating offshore wind turbine, enabling continuous observations for about one year. The results showed no significant variation in underwater noise related to seasonal or tidal changes. A tonal component generated by mechanical vibrations was dominant for the underwater noise. Based on the magnitude of the tonal component and the long-term average of background noise, conservative estimation of sound propagation distance for the wind turbine noise was performed. These findings are expected to serve as a basic reference for future research on underwater noise propagation from offshore wind turbines.
Abstract
Underwater noise from operating an offshore wind turbine is mainly attributed to mechanical vibrations from the nacelle, yet systematic long-term studies on its frequency characteristics remain limited. This study investigates the correlation between underwater noise and turbine vibration using a simplified acoustic monitoring system. The relationship between tower vibration and radiated underwater sound was verified with simultaneous measurements. For long-term monitoring, buoy-based and seabed-mounted acoustic systems were installed near an operating offshore wind turbine, enabling continuous observations for about one year. The results showed no significant variation in underwater noise related to seasonal or tidal changes. A tonal component generated by mechanical vibrations was dominant for the underwater noise. Based on the magnitude of the tonal component and the long-term average of background noise, conservative estimation of sound propagation distance for the wind turbine noise was performed. These findings are expected to serve as a basic reference for future research on underwater noise propagation from offshore wind turbines.