조선후기 면학(面學)의 교수체제 연구 -도훈장제 및 면훈장제를 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out that as a part of the local education autonomy granted to the local bureaucrats by the Joseon government, they established Myeonhak(面學) in the subordinate units of Gun·Hyeon(郡·縣) and ran the Dohunjang(都訓長) System and Myeonhunjang(面訓長) System for the improvement of the study system. In order to establish a daily education system for the purpose of Chukilgwasu(逐日課修), Jo-Hyeonmyeong’s 「Gweonhakjeolmok(勸學節目)」 was proclaimed. After the dissemination of the 「Gweonhakjeolmok」, the provincial schools were transformed into the system of Yeonghak(營學)-Gunhak(郡學)-Myeonhak(面學), and professors were divided according to administrative units. In addition to the teaching committee responsible for the educational affairs of Hyanggyo(鄕校), a new system of Dohunjang(都訓長) System to lead the education of Gun·Hyeon(郡·縣) and Myeonhunjang(面訓長) System was established to lead the education of Myeon·Ri(面·里). The Dohunjang(都訓長) System and Myeonhunjang(面訓長) System was not operated separately but the two systems were operated together to provide a reward system, Jaejang(齋長)-Myeonhunjang(面訓長)-Dohunjang(都訓長)-Hyanggyo(鄕校)-Suryeong(守令). Lee-Heonyeong and O-Hoengmuk operated Myeonhunjang(面訓長) System in Gun·Hyeon(郡·縣) that they served as the district governors. There was one seodang per 18∼19 households in Baekryang, per 185 households in Yeongju, where the size of the Myeon(面) unit school was known. Dohunjang(都訓長) System and Myeonhunjang(面訓長) System has been operated as a way to organize the school system in Myeon·Ri(面·里) as the local school system has been systemized into the field of Yeonghak(營學)-Gunhak(郡學)-Myeonhak(面學)