갑오개혁 이전 고종대(1863-1894) 성균관 교육 관련 절목 분석

Abstract

This study aims to understand the changes of Seonggyungwan education and the relations to the educational system by analyzing the three detailed regulation(節目) of the Seonggyungwan education during King Gojong's reign(1863-1894) before the Gabo-reformation(甲午改革). By Taehakbyeoldan(太學別單) in Gojong’s 6th year(1869), the routine lectures in Seonggyungwan was rearranged and not only the students lodging at Seonggyungwan but also non-lodging students would be able to experience them. Also the provincial governors were in charge of learning of the local students and had to report it to the capital. These purposed to expand the candidates of Seonggyungwan education and mediate to the disadvantage of the provincial students. By Sinseolhakgyojeolmok(新設學校節目) in Gojong’s 23rd year(1886), the new school named Gyeonghakwon(京學院) was established in the capital and the schools named Gwanhakwon(官學院) and Yeonghakwon(營學院) were reordered in the provinces. There were some exams by months, seasons the and year in these schools. The education in all regions became unified and the routine learning system became connected with the selection through these exams. The details of Taehakgyuje(太學規制) in Gojong’s 30th year(1893) was changed in the discussion of the conduct, so that the star students of the final test at the end of the year got the reward equivalent to the pass of the regular civil service examination and the number were included the fixed number. The routine learning system became more connected with the selection. These three detailed regulations pursued in common the management of the routine learning in the schools, the expansion of the candidates of the schools’ learning experience, the strong connection of the schools’ system and the selection system, and the mediation of the disadvantages of the students in the provinces.