미서 전쟁 이후의 미 육군의 개혁
The US Army Reforms after the Spanish-American War
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This study investigates the course of and principles underlying US Army's reform efforts following the Spanish-American War. It focuses on how the two perspectives that had clashed from the end of the civil war, namely military professionalism that argued for a considerable size of regular forces during peacetime and the concept of "citizen soldier" that argued for a limited size of regular forces during peacetime and the use of citizen soldiers to overcome a crisis, affected the Army reform. Specifically, the second section of this study examines the US Army's reform efforts during the period from the end of the Civil War to the beginning of the Spanish-American War. The third section deals with the intra-organizational conflicts in the military establishments among the Secretary of War, Staff Bureaus and the Commanding General of the Army. The fourth section studies the organizational and operational problems revealed during the Spanish-American War. The fifth section is about the reforms performed by Elihu Root who vigorously led the military reforms as the Secretary of War. The sixth section explores how the reform proposals obtained the legal status and how the Reform Acts modified the original reform proposals.
Abstract
This study investigates the course of and principles underlying US Army's reform efforts following the Spanish-American War. It focuses on how the two perspectives that had clashed from the end of the civil war, namely military professionalism that argued for a considerable size of regular forces during peacetime and the concept of "citizen soldier" that argued for a limited size of regular forces during peacetime and the use of citizen soldiers to overcome a crisis, affected the Army reform. Specifically, the second section of this study examines the US Army's reform efforts during the period from the end of the Civil War to the beginning of the Spanish-American War. The third section deals with the intra-organizational conflicts in the military establishments among the Secretary of War, Staff Bureaus and the Commanding General of the Army. The fourth section studies the organizational and operational problems revealed during the Spanish-American War. The fifth section is about the reforms performed by Elihu Root who vigorously led the military reforms as the Secretary of War. The sixth section explores how the reform proposals obtained the legal status and how the Reform Acts modified the original reform proposals.
참고문헌 (4)
- Chandler, Jr, "Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise" (1962), The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press
- Cosmas, Graham A., "An Army for Empire--The United States Army in the Spanish-American War" (1998), Texas A&M University Press
- Roberts, R. William, "Reform and Revitalization, 1890-1893, In Against All Enemies", pp.198~199 (1986), Greenwood Press Inc
- Upton, Emory, "The Military Policy of the United States" (2006), The Scholar's Bookshelf