중국군의 지정학적 역할 확대와 지역안보
The PLA’s geopolitical role and its impact on regional security
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여느 국가와 마찬가지로 중국이 군사력을 현대화하고 국방개혁을 추구하는 이유는 바로 싸워 이길 수 있는 강군을 건설함으로써 핵심이익을 수호하는 데 있다. 그런데 최근 중국의 군사적 동향을 보면 이 외에 또 다른 특징을 발견할 수 있다. 그것은 바로 중국이 지정학적 활동 공간을 확장하는데 있어서 중국군이 중요한 역할을 담당하기 시작했다는 것이다. 중국의 ‘일대일로’가 하나의 지정학적 ‘거대게임(the great game)’의 원대한 구상이라면 최근 중국의 군사적 움직임, 즉 일련의 국방개혁 추진, 두 번째 항모 진수 및 지부티 기지 건설, 그리고 단호한 무력시위 등은 이러한 대외전략을 지원하기 위한 군사적 조치로 볼 수 있다. 즉, 중국의 현대화된 군사력은 국경을 넘어 해외에서 자국의 이익을 수호함은 물론, 중국이 지역 및 글로벌 리더십을 발휘하는데 있어서 첨병의 역할을 수행하고 있다. 그리고 그것은 궁극적으로 시진핑이 지난 제19차 당대회에서 거듭 강조한 중국몽(中國夢), 즉 중화민족의 위대한 부흥을 뒷받침하게 될 것이다.
Abstract
Why has China modernized its military power during the past 30 years? What is the reason why China pursues defense reform and tries to build the military that can fight and win? Like any other countries, the purpose of China’s military modernization and defense reform is to have strong military and, thereby, protect its core interest. Looking at the current China’s military moves, however, we can find another characteristic, which is that the PLA now begins to take the role of expanding China’s geopolitical influence. While China’s “One Belt and One Route(一帶一路)” project is the ambitious initiative for competing “the great game” in global terms, a series of moves such as pursuing defense reform, launching of second aircraft carrier, securing overseas military base in Djibouti, and assertive show of force can be considered as military measures to support China’s national strategy. That is, the PLA’s modernized military forces not only contributes to secure national interests overseas, but also take the role of an advance guard for China to manifest its regional and global leadership.
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