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1910년 일본의 조선 병합에 대한 프랑스의 태도

Attitude of France toward the annexion of Korea by Japan in 1910

마르크 오랑주
동북아역사재단 (Northeast Asian History Foundation)|2010.09|동북아역사논총 (Dongbuga Yeoksa Nonchong)|제29호|pp. 97-133

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참고문헌

키워드

French national archivesJapan’s protectorate of 1905Mission of CivilizerFrench PassivityJapan’s annexationColonial methodsTacit approval
주제분류역사학

초록

The reading of the French national archives related to Korea shows that between the signing of the French-Korean treaty of 1886 and the Japanese annexation of 1910, France has never played an important role in Korean affairs. There some reasons for this disinterest of French government in the Korea. At first, most of occidental writings in this period gave often an negative image of this country. According to them, Korea was not suitable for being independent and needed to strongly be opened to the civilization. On the contrary, French public opinion admired the progress accomplished by Japan on her territory and praised for the work that she was doing in Korea. The excess of the Japanese was only considered as errors of course or of little account in comparison of the civilizer's mission. Not having much economic interest in Korea, furthermore, France was not in good position for criticizing the japanese methods, considering the similar methods which France had employed in her colonial countries. So, France did not protest against the Japan’s protectorate of 1905 and in 1910 against the Japan’s annexation and its colonial methods. The French government constantly acted as simple observer on the scene of geopolitics of the Far Est, concentrated on the interest, especially juridical, of the French people. This tacit approval was considered as a bargaining power to discuss the coming revision of a commercial treaty with Japan. Moreover, Japanese politics was considered as a factor of peace in the Far East and of commercial development.

Abstract

The reading of the French national archives related to Korea shows that between the signing of the French-Korean treaty of 1886 and the Japanese annexation of 1910, France has never played an important role in Korean affairs. There some reasons for this disinterest of French government in the Korea. At first, most of occidental writings in this period gave often an negative image of this country. According to them, Korea was not suitable for being independent and needed to strongly be opened to the civilization. On the contrary, French public opinion admired the progress accomplished by Japan on her territory and praised for the work that she was doing in Korea. The excess of the Japanese was only considered as errors of course or of little account in comparison of the civilizer's mission. Not having much economic interest in Korea, furthermore, France was not in good position for criticizing the japanese methods, considering the similar methods which France had employed in her colonial countries. So, France did not protest against the Japan’s protectorate of 1905 and in 1910 against the Japan’s annexation and its colonial methods. The French government constantly acted as simple observer on the scene of geopolitics of the Far Est, concentrated on the interest, especially juridical, of the French people. This tacit approval was considered as a bargaining power to discuss the coming revision of a commercial treaty with Japan. Moreover, Japanese politics was considered as a factor of peace in the Far East and of commercial development.

참고문헌 (23)

  1. Ministère des Affaires étrangères, "archives diplomatiques françaises, Correspondance politique, Corée , Vol. 1, 1888, fol. 4 à 8", ~ (1888)
  2. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, politique intérieure II, Affaires intérieures sous le protectorat japonais, 1905-1906 , fol. 22~24, 43, 38~40, 51, 52, 80, 92~95, 132, 138, 176~179, 194~197, 226~227, 243~244, 258~259", ~ (1905)
  3. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, Politique intérieure III, Affaires intérieures sous le protectorat japonais, 1907-1908, fol. 12~13, 15A~15B, 18~28, 29~31, 32~33, 41, 46, 47, 54~55, 76, 77~78, 90, 91~92, 99~101, 108~109, 135, 142~143", ~ (1907)
  4. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, Politique intérieure IV, Affaires intérieures sous le protectorat japonais, janvier 1909–24 août 1910 , fol. 10~11, 16~17, 46~54, 76, 77, 78, 95~96, 102, 114~117, 119~120, 136, 152, 168~169, 175, 176, 182, 187, 189~190, 191~194", ~ (1909)
  5. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, Politique intérieure V, Affaires intérieures après l’annexion du Japon, 24 août 1910–décembre 1911 , fol. 5, 6~8, 9~11, 12~13, 16~20, 27~29, 35, 49~51", ~ (1911)
  6. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, politique étrangère, Dossier général: étrangers en Corée IV, 1905-1916 , fol. 92~93, 124~125, 127, 129, 130, 143, 155~157, 158~159, 163~164, 208~214, 249", ~ (1905)
  7. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, Politique étrangère, Relations entre la France et la Corée II,1903-1916 , fol. 93 et 94~95, 96~97, 175", ~ (1903)
  8. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Corée, Questions dynastiques et cour, 1897-1917 , fol. 143~144, 150~151, 157, 164", ~ (1897)
  9. "Ministère des Affaires étrangères, archives diplomatiques françaises, nouvelle série, Japon, Prise en charge par la France des intérêts russes en Japon et en Corée, 1904-1905 , fol. 94, 95", ~ (1904)
  10. Alexandre Halot, "Etudes d’hiers Evénements d’aujourd’hui, Librairie Falk Fils" (1905), Bruxelles
  11. Charles-Robert Ageron, "France coloniale ou parti colonial ?" (1978), PUF
  12. Georges Ducros, "Pauvre et douce Corée" (1904), H. Champion
  13. Jean de Nettencourt-Vaubecourt, "En zigzag de Singapour à Moscou Plon-Nourrit et Cie" (1905)
  14. Léo Byram, "Petit Jap deviendra grand , Berger-Levrault et Cie, Paris-Nancy", ~ (1908)
  15. Marc Ferro, "Histoire des colonisations" (1994)
  16. Michel Revon, "Les questions actuelles de la politique étrangère en Asie" (1910), Félix Alcan
  17. Pierre Leroy-Beaulieu, "La rénovation de l’Asie, Sibérie-Chine-Japon, Librairie Armand Colin" (1900)
  18. Victor Bérard, "La révolte de l’Asie" (1904), Librairie Armand Colin
  19. Claire Thran Thi Lien, "Religions et pouvoir colonial dans les pays de l’Indochine. in: Religions et colonisation Afrique-Asie-Océanie-Amériques(XVIe-XXe siècles)" (2009), s éditions de l’Atelier
  20. Gérald Arboit, "Renseignements et diplomatie au XIXe siècle: aux origines du rapprochement franco-russe en 1877" (2009), Revue d’histoire diplomatique
  21. Jean-Claude Allain, "L’affirmation internationale à l’épreuve des crises. in: Histoire de la diplomatie française" (2005)
  22. Li Jin-Mieung, "La France et les mouvements d’indépendance du Gouvernement provisoire de Corée", 한국사론, 45 (2007)
  23. Marc Orange, "Collin de Plancy et les conseillers français" (2006), 서울의 추억

관련 논문AI추천

프랑스의 1910년 한일병합과 그 결과에 대한 인식민유기역사연구소 · 史叢(사총)2016 · 제89호Discussions Concerning the Legality of the 1910 “Annexation” of Korea by Japan박배근한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2010 · 제50권 제4호일제의 한국병합 방법과 식민 통치 방침윤대원규장각한국학연구원 · 한국문화2015 · 제70호International Politics of Annexation : with special emphasis on the role of Britain and the United States in Korean absorption by Japan구대열동양고전연구소 · 동방학2010 · 제18호프랑스 외무부 문서로 본 대한제국의 국제 관계박지현수선사학회 · 사림2014 · 제48호1910년 ‘한·일병합조약’의 국제법적 재조명도시환법학연구소 · 외법논집2010 · 제34권 제1호

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