발달장애인 지원욕구의 구조적 개념화 : 주돌봄자의 인식을 중심으로
Conceptualizing the Support Needs of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
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본 연구는 국내 발달장애인의 지원 욕구의 구성체를 탐색하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 현재 그 지원욕구가 크게 부각되고 있는 20대 초반의 중증 발달장애를 가진 자녀의 주돌봄자들 22명과 함께 개념도 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저 발달장애인 지원욕구 항목 72개를 선정한 후, 이를 분류 및 평정하고 다차원척도분석과 집락분석 등을 통해 3개 차원과 9개의 하위영역으로 구성된 지원욕구의 개념을 구조화하였다. 발달장애인 지원욕구는 ‘자기 관리’, ‘대인관계 및 고용’, 그리고 ‘공동체 참여’ 등 3가지 차원으로 구성되어 있으며, 이들 차원 안에 ‘자기케어’, ‘건강관리’, ‘관심행동’, ‘대인관계’, ‘직장 활동’, ‘지역사회생활’, ‘레크리에이션과 여가’, ‘권리 주장’, 그리고 ‘가정생활’ 등과 같은 9개의 하위 영역이 있음을 제시하였다. 이를 근거로, 향후 발달장애인 지원욕구 척도, 발달장애인 활동보조 인정 조사도구, 개별예산 할당도구 등의 개발이 이루어지기를 제언하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to probe the constructs of support needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities(IDD). To do this, we implemented concept mapping with 22 mothers of young adults with severe IDD. After collecting the 72 statements on the needs of supports through the brainstorming with the participants, those were sorted by similarity and rated with 5 point likert scale. As a result of the concept mapping using the data, 3 domains and 9 sub-domains were recommended as the constructs of the support needs of people with IDD. Self-care and direction, interpersonal relationship and work, and community participation are mainly composed for the concept of support needs of people with IDD. Under the three main domains, 9 sub-domains(self-care, looking after one’s health, behavior of concern, interpersonal interactions, employment, community life, recreation and leisure, advocacy, and domestic life) reside.
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