The Use of the Korean Version of the Beck Depression Inventory with Adolescents: An Item Response Theory Analysis
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This study examined the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory(K-BDI) for a Korean high school-aged population within the framework of item response theory (IRT). The specific goals were as follows: First, this study tested for the presence of essential unidimensionality of the K-BDI. Second, this study investigated for the evidence of the unequal discriminating ability of the K-BDI items with respect to depression severity. Third, this study examined the correctness of the ordering of item categories in measuring depressive severity. Finally, this study investigated the effectiveness of the K-BDI as an entire test for screening for depression among Korean high school-aged population. With the permission of Beck, a K-BDI was developed by the researcher using a back translation method (Brislin, Lonner, & Thorndike, 1973). For this study, 1497 students attending three senior high schools in a large metropolitan city in South Korea were recruited. The generalized partial credit (GPC) model (Muraki, 1992, Muraki, 1997) was chosen to depict the data and the PARSCALE computer program version 2.2 of this model (Muraki & Bock, 1991) was used for parameter estimation. The IRTGRAPH (Child & Schlumpf, 1999) was used to transform parameters into the graphs of item category response functions and item information functions. The results indicated that the K-BDI possessed essential unidimensionality. Items having greater discriminating ability were 1, 4, 5, 7, 15, and 17 while items possessing less discriminating ability were 18, 19, and 21. The third category for most items might not contribute much to the identification of depression severity among this population. The ordering between the third and the fourth categories were reversed for all 21 items. The K-BDI as an entire instrument offers greater information in distinguishing among individuals at θ = 2.11, which corresponds roughly to the raw total score of 30. Accommodations of cut-off scores were discussed. Recommendations for revising the instrument conducting IRT-based analyses were also discussed. Limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory(K-BDI) for a Korean high school-aged population within the framework of item response theory (IRT). The specific goals were as follows: First, this study tested for the presence of essential unidimensionality of the K-BDI. Second, this study investigated for the evidence of the unequal discriminating ability of the K-BDI items with respect to depression severity. Third, this study examined the correctness of the ordering of item categories in measuring depressive severity. Finally, this study investigated the effectiveness of the K-BDI as an entire test for screening for depression among Korean high school-aged population. With the permission of Beck, a K-BDI was developed by the researcher using a back translation method (Brislin, Lonner, & Thorndike, 1973). For this study, 1497 students attending three senior high schools in a large metropolitan city in South Korea were recruited. The generalized partial credit (GPC) model (Muraki, 1992, Muraki, 1997) was chosen to depict the data and the PARSCALE computer program version 2.2 of this model (Muraki & Bock, 1991) was used for parameter estimation. The IRTGRAPH (Child & Schlumpf, 1999) was used to transform parameters into the graphs of item category response functions and item information functions. The results indicated that the K-BDI possessed essential unidimensionality. Items having greater discriminating ability were 1, 4, 5, 7, 15, and 17 while items possessing less discriminating ability were 18, 19, and 21. The third category for most items might not contribute much to the identification of depression severity among this population. The ordering between the third and the fourth categories were reversed for all 21 items. The K-BDI as an entire instrument offers greater information in distinguishing among individuals at θ = 2.11, which corresponds roughly to the raw total score of 30. Accommodations of cut-off scores were discussed. Recommendations for revising the instrument conducting IRT-based analyses were also discussed. Limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.
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