청소년을 위한 폭력노출리질리언스 척도의 타당화 연구
The Validation Study on the Scale of Violence Exposure Resilience for Youth
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본 연구는 맥락-특수적인 개념인 폭력노출리질리언스의 정의를 바탕으로 폭력노출리언스라고 하는 고위험 상황에서 폭력에 노출된 청소년들의 적응을 보다 더 잘 예측할 수 있고, 보다 직접적으로 폭력노출리질리언스를 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고, 개발된 척도의 신뢰도 와 타당성을 검증하고자 하였다. 문헌연구와 내용타당도 검증을 통해 폭력노출리질리언스의 특성을 반영해주는 구성요인으로 강인함, 인내, 부정적 정서에 대한 인내, 경험에 대한 긍정적 수용, 극복에 대한 의지와 적극적·긍정적인 대처로 13문항 중 4문항이 제외된 총 9문항으로 구성하였다. 폭력노출리질리언스 척도 개발 및 타당화를 위해 2차례 설문조사를 실시하였고, 1차 예비조사를 통해 폭력노출리질리언스 척도의 문항분석과 신뢰도 검증 및 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였으며, 2차 본 조사를 통해 척도의 신뢰도 검증 및 확인적 요인분석을 통한 구인타당도를 검증하였다. 1차 예비조사결과, 척도 문항들의 문항-총점 간 상관은 .38～ .68로 비교적 양호한 상관을 나타내었고, 폭력노출리질리언스 척도의 전체 Cronbach's 계수는 .85로 신뢰도는 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 주요인 1개가 추출되었고, 46.3%의 비교적 양호한 설명량을 나타내고 있다. 추출된 요인내 각 문항의 요인적재량은 .48～ .78로서 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 2차 본조사 결과, 신뢰도의 경우 Cronbach's 계수가 .84로 척도 신뢰도가 양호하였고, 1차 예비조사결과와 일관되게 나타났다. 또한 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, RMSEA .067로서 모형의 적합도가 양호하였고, NFI, CFI, TLI 가 .923 ～ .961로서 적합도 지수가 양호한 수준으로 나타났다. 본 연구에 의해 폭력노출리질리언스 척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도가 검증됨으로 인해 폭력노출 상황을 경험한 청소년들의 리질리언스 정도를 파악할 수 있고 이를 직접적으로 측정할 수 있는 기반을 마련하였고, 고위험 촉력노출 청소년의 적응을 예측 할 수 있도록 도와주는 지표로서 활용될 수 있으며 폭력노출 청소년에 대한 상담적 개입의 수준과 방향이 결정될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the scale of the violence exposure resilience(VER) that predicts the adaptation of high risk youth exposed to violence and to verify the reliability and validation of this scale. The constructs which reflect the features of VER were gathered from by literature review and nine items on the scale were confirmed through verification of the content validity. In this study, a preliminary survey and a main survey were utilized. In the case of the former, content analysis, a reliability test and exploratory factor analysis of the VER were used while a reliability test and verification of construct validation by confirmatory factor analysis were examined in the latter. Preliminary study results showed that correlation coefficients between items of the VER were relatively good and Crobach's coefficient of this scale was .85. According to exploratory factor analysis, one factor was extracted and 46.3% of the concept of the VER was explained. Factor loading value of each item within the extracted factor ranged from .48 to .78 and it shows this scale is statistically significant. Futhermore, the results of the main survey showed that Cronbach's coefficient was .84 and thus the reliability of this scale was good. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis revealed the fit index of the model to be adequate(RMSEA=.067, CFI=.961, NFI=.959, TLI=.923). The result of this study has provided various theoretical and practical implications for professional youth counselors. in that this scale can be used as an index which indicate the adaptation of youth exposed to violence and as a foundation to determine the degree and a direction of intervention for violence exposed high-risk youth.
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