공감피로에 대한 고찰: 상담자를 위한 제언
Compassion Fatigue: Implications for Counselors
0
조회
0
다운로드
39
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
외상에 의해 고통을 경험하고 있는 내담자를 상담함으로써 상담자가 힘들어하고 심지어는 신체적, 심리적 병까지 걸리는 것을 공감피로라고 한다. 이러한 공감피로는 내담자에 대한 관심 저하와 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공감피로의 개념, 유사개념과(이차외상후스트레스, 대리외상, 소진)의 차이, 발달과정을 통해 공감피로의 특징을 살펴보고, 이러한 공감피로를 예방하거나 감소시키기 위한 개입 방안을 알아보았다. 본 개관 연구를 통해 그 동안 간과되어 왔던 공감피로의 중요성을 인식하고 대처 전략을 모색할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 하였다.
Abstract
Compassion fatigue can be defined as the formal caregiver's reduced capacity or interest in being empathic or “bearing the suffering of clients” and is “the natural consequent behaviors and emotions resulting from knowing about a traumatizing event experienced of suffered by a person” (Figley, 1995, p.7; Figley 2002). Counselors experiencing compassion fatigue might affect negatively to the relationship with clients. Thus, the purpose of the study was to review literatures related to compassion fatigue, other similar terms (e.g. secondary post traumatic stress disorder, vicarious trauma, and burnout) and effective preventing and intervening strategies for compassion fatigue. This could provide an opportunity to counselors to be aware of the importance of compassion fatigue and to develop effective strategies to cope with it. Implications for counselor educators and supervisors and suggestions for the further study were discussed.
참고문헌 (75)
- 신민정, "아동보호전문기관 상담원의 공감피로, 소진, 공감만족에 관한 인식연구", 석사, pp.2007
- 최명옥, "외상사건에의 노출과 업무특성, 심리사회적 자원이 공감피로, 소진에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2009
- Alkema, K., "A study of the relationship between self-care, compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout among hospice professionals", Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life & Palliative Care, 4(2), pp.101~119 (2008)
- Aten, J. D., "Postdisaster supervisor strategies for promoting supervisee self-care: Lessons learned from Hurricane Katrina", Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 2(2), pp.75~82 (2008)
- Aycock, N., "Interventions to manage compassion fatigue in oncology nursing", Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 13(2), pp.183~191 (2009)
- Boss, P., "Ambiguous loss" (1999), Harvard University Press
- Brady, J. L., "Vicarious traumatization, spirituality, and the treatment of sexual abuse survivors: A national survey of women psychotherapists", Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30, pp.386~393 (1999)
- Bush, N. J., "Compassion fatigue: Are you at risk?", Oncology Nursing Forum, 36(1), pp.24~28 (2009)
- Carmel, M. J., "The relation of secondary traumatization to therapists' perceptions of the working alliance with clients who commit sexual abuse", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(3), pp.461~467 (2009)
- Catherall, D. R., "Preventing institutional secondary traumatic stress disorder. in: Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized", pp.1995, Brunner
- Cerney, M. S., "Treating the “heroic treaters.”. in: Compassion Fatigue: Coping with Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder", pp.1995, Burnner
- Cherniss, C., "Secondary exposure to trauma and self-reported distress among therapists. in: Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (2nd ed)", pp.29~36 (1999), Sidran Press
- Cornille, T., "Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service professionals: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors", Traumatology, 5(1), pp.15~31 (1999)
- Creamer, T. L., "Secondary Traumatic Stress among Disaster Mental Health Workers Responding to the September 11 Attacks", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(1), pp.89~96 (2005)
- Dietrich, A. M., "A review of alternative approaches to the treatment of post traumatic sequelae", Traumatology, 6, pp.251~271 (2000)
- Fender, L. K., "Athlete burnout: Potential for research and intervention strategies", The Sport Psychologist, 3, pp.63~71 (1989)
- Figley, C. R., "Compassion fatigue as secondary traumatic stress disorder: An overview. in: Compassion fatigue", pp.1995, Brunner
- Figley, C. R., "Compassion fatigue: Toward a new understanding of the costs of caring. in: Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators", pp.3~28 (1999), Sidran Press
- Figley, C. R., "Compassion fatigue: Psychotherapists’ chronic lack of self-care", Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, pp.1433~1441 (2002)
- Follette, V. M., "Mental health and law enforcement professionals: Trauma history, psychological symptoms and impact of providing services to child sexual abuse survivors", Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, pp.275~282 (1994)
- Freudenberger, H. J., "Staff burnout", Journal of Environmental Issues, 30, pp.159~165 (1974)
- Freidman, M. J., "PTSD diagnosis and treatment for mental health clinicians. in: Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder", pp.1~14 (2000), Cassell
- Fullerton, C. S., "Acute Stress Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression in Disaster or Rescue Workers", American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(8), pp.1370~1376 (2004)
- Gan, Y., "Coping flexibility and locus of control as predictors of burnout among Chinese college students", Social Behavior and Personality, 35(8), pp.1087~1098 (2007)
- Gendline, E., "Focusing" (1981), Bantam
- Gentry, J. E., "ARP: The accelerated recovery program (ARP) for compassion fatigue. in: Treating compassion fatigue", pp.123~137 (2002), Brunner-Routledge
- Ghahramanlou, M., "Predictors of secondary trauma in sexual assault trauma counselors", International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2, pp.229~240 (2000)
- Good, D. A., "Secondary traumatic stress in art therapists and related mental health professionals", Dissertation Abstracts International, 57(6), pp.2370A~ (1996)
- Gould, D., "Overtraining, underrecovery, and burnoutin sport. in: Enhancing recovery: Preventing underperformance in athletes", pp.25~35 (2002), Human Kinetics
- Harrison, R. L., "Preventing vicarious traumatization of mental health therapists: Identifying protective practices. Psychotherapy Theory", Research, Practice, Training, 46(2), pp.203~219 (2009)
- Hodgkinson, P. E., "The impact of disaster support work", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 7, pp.587~600 (1994)
- Hollingsworth, M. A., "Responses of female therapists to treating adult female survivors of incest", 박사, pp.1993
- Inbar, J., "Trauma and compassion fatigue: Helping the helpers", Journal of Jewish Communal Services, pp.109~111 (2003)
- Jacobson, J. M., "Compassion fatigue among employee assistance program counselors", 박사, pp.2004
- Jacobson, J. M., "Compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout: Reacting among employee assistance professionals providing workplace crisis intervention and disaster management services", Workplace Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Management, 21(3), pp.133~152 (2006)
- Janik, J., "Overwhelmed corrections workers can seek therapy", Corrections Today, 57, pp.162~163 (1995)
- Jenkins, S. R., "Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validational study", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, pp.423~432 (2002)
- Joinson, C., "Coping with compassion fatigue", Nursing, 22, pp.116~121 (1992)
- Kassam-Adams, N., "The risks of treating sexual trauma: Stress and secondary trauma in psychotherapists. in: Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (2nd ed)", pp.37~50 (1999), Sidran
- Keidel, G., "Burnout and compassion fatigue among hospice caregivers", American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 19(3), pp.200~205 (2002)
- Larson, D. G., "Stress management for oncology nurses: Finding a healing balance. in: Psychosocial nursing care along the cancer continuum (2nd ed.)", pp.587~601 (2006), Oncology Nursing Society
- Lee, S. M., "Development of a new instrument for measuring burnout in professional counselors", Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 40(3), pp.142~154 (2007)
- Lind, S., "Overexcitability in the highly gifted", CAG Communicator, 31(4), pp.45~48 (2000)
- Lugris, V., "Vicarious traumatisation in therapists: Contributing factors, PTSD symptomatology, and cognitive distortions", Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: the Sciences & Engineering, 61, pp.5572~ (2000), University Microfilms International
- Marmar, C., "Characteristics of emergency services personnel related to peritraumatic dissociation during critical incident exposure", American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, pp.94~102 (1996)
- Maslash, C., "Burnout: The cost of caring" (1982), Prentice Hall
- Moran, C. C., "Humor as a moderator of compassion fatigue. in: Treating compassion fatigue", pp.139~154 (2002), Routledge
- Motta, R. W., "Secondary trauma: Assessing inter-generational transmission of war experiences with a modified Stroop procedure", Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(8), pp.895~903 (1997)
- Motta, R. W., "Initial evaluation of the secondary trauma questionnaire", Psychological Reports, 85, pp.997~1002 (1999)
- Myers, D., "Strategies for managing disaster mental health worker stress. in: Treating compassion fatigue", pp.181~211 (2002), Routledge
- Orlovsky, C., "Compassion fatigue", Prairie Rose, 75(3), pp.13~ (2006)
- O'Connell, D., "Addressing disappointment in veterinary practice", Veterinary Clinics Small Animal Practice, 37, pp.135~149 (2007)
- O’Connor, M. F., "On the etiology and effective management of professional distress and impairment among psychologists", Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 32(4), pp.345~350 (2001)
- Pearlman, L., "Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists", Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 26(6), pp.558~565 (1995)
- Pearlmann, L. A., "Trauma and the therapist: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization in psychotherapy with incest survi" (1995), W. W. Norton & Company
- Pickette, M., "Use of debriefing techniques to prevent compassion fatigue in research teams.Nursing", Nursing research, 43(4), pp.250~252 (1994)
- Potter, D., "Practical concepts and training exercises for crisis intervention teams" (2003), Chevron Publishing Corporation
- Radziewicz, R. M., "Self-care for the caregiver", Nursing Clinics of North America, 36(4), pp.855~869 (2001)
- Rudolph, J. M., "Compassion fatigue: A concern for mental health policy, providers, & administration", Poster presentation at the Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (1997)
- Saakvitne, K. W., "Risking connection: A training curriculum for working with survivors of childhood abuse" (2000), Sidran Press
- Saakvitne, K. W., "Transforming the pain: A workbook on vicarious traumatization for helping professionals who work with traumatized clients" (1996), W. W. Norton & Company
- Salston, M., "Secondary traumatic stress effects of working with survivors of criminal victimization", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 16, pp.167~174 (2003)
- Schaufeli, W. B., "Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study", Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, pp.464~481 (2002)
- Schauben, L. J., "Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counselors of working with sexual violence survivors", Psychology of Women Quarterly, 19, pp.49~64 (1995)
- Sexton, L., "Vicarious traumatization of counselors and effects on their workplaces", British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 27, pp.393~403 (1999)
- Stamm, B. H., "Work-related secondary traumatic stress", PTSD Research Quarterly, 3, pp.1~5 (1997)
- Stamm, B. H., "Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators" (1999), Sidran Press
- secondary trauma scales, "The ProQOL Manual: The Professional Quality of Life Scale: Compassion satisfaction, burnout & compassion fatigue", pp.2005, Stamm, B. H.
- "Compassion satisfaction and fatigue test"[URL]
- Stamm, B. H., "Measuring the helper's power to heal and to be hurt, helped, by training", Presented at the 17th Annual Meeting of The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (2001)
- Steed, L., "Trauma and the therapist: The experience of therapists working with the perpetrators of sexual abuse", The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 1 (2001)
- Stebnicki, M. A., "Empathy fatigue: Healing the mind, body, and spirit of professional counselors" (2008), Springer
- Sprang, G., "Compassion fatigue, compassion statisfaction, and burnout: Factors impacting a professional’s quality of life", Journal of Loss and Trauma, 12, pp.259~280 (2007)
- Terry, M. J., "Kelengakutelleghpat: An Artic Community-Based Approach to Trauma. in: Secondary Traumatic Stress. Self- Care Issues for Clinicians, Researchers and Educators(2nd Edition)" (1999), Sidran Press
- Warshaw, L. J., "Stress, anxiety, and depression in the workplace. Report of the NYBGH", Gallup Survey, 1989, ~
