애착과 독립이 대학생의 진로결정에 미치는 영향: 자아존중감을 매개변인으로
The Effect of Attachment and Independence on the College Students' Career Decision-making: Meditated by Self-Esteem
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본 연구는 애착요인이 대학생의 진로결정에서 심리적 독립과 함께 어떠한 영향을 미치고, 자아존중감이 매개변인으로 작용하는지 그 효과성과 인과관계를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 서울, 경기도, 충청도, 전라도, 경상도에 위치한 12개의 4년제 대학의 대학생들을 연구대상으로 하였고, 순서효과를 통제하기 위해 설문지의 순서를 다르게 구성하여 1,100부를 배포하였다. 회수된 972부 중 불성실하게 응답한 문항이나 결측치로 처리할 수 없는 설문지와 신학대, 치대, 의대, 사범대와 같이 진로가 결정되어 있을 것이라고 생각된 단과대 학생들의 자료 112부를 제외한 860명의 자료를 구조방정식 모델링으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 측정모형에서는 개별 관측변수가 신뢰성이 있으며 잠재변수들을 잘 설명하고 있음이 확인되었다. 연구모형에서의 모델적합도 또한 양호한 적합도를 나타내고 있어 본 연구에서 이론적 근거를 토대로 설계된 연구모형이 변인간의 관계를 잘 설명하고 있음이 확인되었고 사후적 모형수정을 통해 최적의 모형을 도출하였다. 구조방정식모델링 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 부모로부터의 애착은 대학생의 진로결정에 있어서 자아존중감을 통하여 간접적인 영향을 미치고 있음이 확인되었으며, 부모로부터의 독립은 대학생의 진로결정에 있어서 직접적인 영향과 자아존중감을 통한 간접적인 영향 모두를 미치고 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 애착은 자아존중감을 완전매개로, 독립은 자아존중감을 부분매개로 진로결정수준에 영향을 미치고 있음이 본 연구를 통해 확인되었으며, 연구결과를 바탕으로 후속연구 및 상담현장에서의 시사점을 논하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed at examining the effectiveness and causal relation among factors like attachment, independence and self-esteem, particularly, how attachment and independence make on college students’ career decision-making and investigating self-esteem as a mediating variable. Toward this end, the study conducted a survey with college students in 12 four-year universities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, Jeolla-do and Gyeongsang-do. To control the order effect, the questionnaire was given to the subjects in different orders, and its type was divided into A, B and C. Out of the 1,100 copies of the questionnaire, 972 of them were returned, among which, 112 were excluded as they either contained unfaithful answers or those that were considered missing values, as well as the questionnaires returned from the students in the colleges of theology, dentistry, medicine and education whose career was believed to have already been determined, and as a result, 860 students in total participated in the study. It was confirmed that in the measuring model, individual observation variables were reliable and explained potential variables well. It was confirmed that the level of the model adequacy was appropriate, and the level of the research model adequacy was also shown to be appropriate. It was therefore verified in this study that the modification model designed based on theoretical bases explained the relation among variables well. The result of this research which analyzed the research model with the structural equation modeling is as follows: First, it was confirmed that the attachment toward parents played an indirect effect, through self-esteem, in college students’ career decision-making. second, it was confirmed that the independence from parents played the both direct effect and, through self-esteem, indirect effect in their career decision-making. Implication for future research and counseling practice are discussed.
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