성인기 ADHD 진단 전후의 경험에 대한 연구: 해석현상학적 분석
Research into the Experiences of before and after Adult ADHD Diagnosis: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
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초록
성인 ADHD 문제의 심각성에 비해 상대적으로 이에 대한 연구가 많이 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 성인 ADHD 진단 전후의 경험과 그것에 부여하는 의미를 탐색하고자 하였다. 참여자는 전체 8명으로서 병원에서 ADHD 진단을 받은 성인들이다. 반구조화 면담을 통해 수집한 자료는 전사본을 만들어 해석현상학적 분석(Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: IPA)방법의 절차를 통해서 분석하였다. 분석을 통해 도출된 5개의 상위주제는 (1) 반복적으로 따돌림 당함, (2) 일상 기능의 어려움, (3) 부정적인 자아상과 타인상, 그리고 진단 후에 경험하는 (4) 자신에 대한 이해와 변화에 대한 기대 (5) 이해 받지 못하는 자기이다. 각각의 상위주제는 여러 개의 하위주제로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 알 수 있는 것은 ADHD 성인들의 어려움이 ADHD 아동․청소년의 어려움 못지않게 삶의 전반에서 심각한 장애를 일으킨다는 사실이다. 따라서 성인 ADHD 장애의 심각성에 대한 이해와 효과적인 심리사회적인 개입방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Little research has been conducted into adult ADHD despite its life-long disorder. This paper explored the experiences of before and after ADHD diagnosis among adults and its meaning-making. A total of 8 adults participated in this study who received their ADHD diagnosis from the psychiatric clinics in Seoul. Data were collected through semi-structured interview and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis(IPA). Five master themes were identified: a) repetitive experiences of being rejected, b) difficulties with daily functioning, c) negative sense of self and others, and d) better understanding of and acceptance as who he/she is and expectation for change, e) self as not understood experienced after being diagnosed with ADHD. Each of the master themes consists of sub-ordinate themes. The finding in this study shows that ADHD leads to significant barriers into one’s overall daily functioning among adults beyond childhood and adolescence. Therefore, more research studies are required to have better understanding of adult ADHD and develop more effective interventions.
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