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사회불안장애 청소년을 위한인지처리과정 강화 인지행동치료 프로그램 개발 및 효과

The Development and effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy program focusing on Cognitive Process Enhancement for Adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 사회불안장애 청소년을 위한 인지처리과정 강화 인지행동치료 프로그램을 개발·실시한 후 전통적인 인지행동치료 프로그램과 그 효과를 비교하는 것이다. 연구대상은 서울 소재 2개 중학교 1학년생 313명 중 K-SAS-A 120점 이상, SASC-R 60점 이상의 중복 기준에 해당하는 청소년을 1차 선별한 후 진단 면접을 실시하여 최종 선별된 사회불안장애 청소년 24명을 인지처리과정 강화 인지행동치료를 실시한 실험집단, 전통적인 인지행동치료를 실시한 비교집단 및 무처치 통제집단에 각각 8명씩 임의 배정하였다. 각 프로그램은 실험집단과 비교집단을 대상으로 주1회, 90분씩 총 10회기 동안 실시되었다. 프로그램의 효과 검증은 사전, 사후 및 3개월 추후 검사를 통해 이루어졌다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 프로그램 실시 후 인지적 특성 중 인지적 내용의 자동적 사고, 비합리적 신념, 해석편향은 실험집단과 비교집단이 통제집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 인지적 과정의 부적응적 자기초점주의, 사후반추사고는 실험집단이 비교집단과 통제집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 인지적 과정 중 얼굴표정 정서인식은 집단 간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 프로그램 실시 후 정서적 특성인 사회불안은 실험집단과 비교집단이 통제집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 프로그램 실시 후 행동적 특성인 안전행동과 수행불안 평가목록은 실험집단이 비교집단과 통제집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다 넷째, 프로그램 종료 3개월 후 인지적 특성 중 인지적 내용의 자동적 사고, 비합리적 신념, 해석편향과 인지적 과정의 부적응적 자기초점주의, 얼굴표정 정서인식, 사후반추사고 모두 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 프로그램 종료 3개월 후 정서적 특성인 사회불안과 행동적 특성인 안전행동과 수행불안 평가목록도 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop and carry out cognitive-behavior therapy for strengthening cognitive processing for adolescents with social anxiety disorder to compare the effects with traditional cognitive-behavior therapy. This study selected adolescents with the double standard of higher than 120 points in K-SAS-A and higher than 60 points in SASC-R among 313 7th grade students in 2 junior high schools located in Seoul, and assigned finally selected 24 adolescents with social anxiety disorder into the experimental group that conducted cognitive-behavior therapy for strengthening cognitive processing and assigned 8 adolescents into the comparative group that conducted traditional cognitive-behavior therapy and into the untreated control group. Each program was conducted 10 sessions for 90 minutes once a week on the experimental group and comparative group. The effects of the program have been verified through pretest, posttest, and 3 months further examination. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, it was identified that automatic thought, irrational belief, and interpretation bias of cognitive content among cognitive characteristics are lower for the experimental group and comparative group than the control group and maladaptive self-focused attention and post-event rumination of cognitive process are lower for the experiment group than the comparative group and control group after carrying out the program. On the other hand, emotion recognition by facial expression did not show differences between groups during the cognitive process. Secondly, it was identified that emotional characteristic as social anxiety was lower for the experimental group and comparative group than the control group after carrying out the program. Thirdly, it was identified that evaluation of behavioral traits as safety behavior and performance anxiety was lower for the experimental group than the comparative group and control group. Fourthly, automatic thought, irrational belief, and interpretation bias of cognitive content among cognitive characteristics and maladaptive self-focused attention, emotion recognition by facial expression, and post-event rumination of cognitive process were all lower for the experimental group than the comparative group 3 months after the program. Also 3 months after the program, both the social anxiety, as the emotional characteristics, and safety behavior and performance anxiety evaluation list, as the behavioral characteristics, were lower in the experimental group than that of comparative group.

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