코란 속담에 관한 연구: 전파 속담(al-?Amthl al-Mursalah)의 의미 분석을 중심으로

Abstract

This study sets out a hypothesis that proverbs show ways of thinking and patterns of life within a given society. This study tests the hypothesis on Arab Muslim people and tries to show how the Muslims behave in their daily life and what they think throughout their life span by analyzing proverbs mentioned in the Qur’an. This study examined the established scholarly definitions of proverbs It follows from this examination that proverbs of the Qur’an were originated from the Holy Qur’an and they were circulated among Arab Muslims. The beauty inherent in the expressions and their usefulness in daily life led the expressions to go around Arab societies and to transform into the proverbs at the last stage. ؟Abd al-Raħīm’s ‘The Proverbs in the Holy Qur’an’ is a case in point. The Proverbs contains 823 proverbs extracted from the Qur’an. It is shown to categorize the proverbs into 103 manifest proverbs, 416 latent proverbs and 304 transmitted proverbs. This paper placed a special focus on 304 transmitted proverbs and examined their semantics. At the semantic level, those transmitted proverbs are primarily grouped into four different subjects; ‘the law of universe’ (113 proverbs), ‘the nature of human beings’(107 proverbs), ‘ daily lives’(57 proverbs), and ‘ others’ (27 proverbs). In conclusion, the study argues that the Arab people hold positive and optimistic views on the life. It also appears that the Arabs consider as wise men those who have ‘prudent behaviors’, ‘knowledge and superiority’, ‘circumspection’, ‘justice’, ‘foresight’, ‘determination and self-reliance’ and ‘moderation’. The study also suggests that Arab Muslims tend to think of as virtues ‘good conduct and charity’, ‘patience’, ‘recognition of others virtues’, ‘tolerance’, ‘honesty and fidelity’, ‘modesty’. In the meantime, the Muslims refer to as immoral what is considered ‘ignorance’, ‘injustice’, ‘dishonesty and deceit’, ‘slander and abuse’, ‘hypocrisy’, ‘bluff’, ‘ingratitude’, ‘waste’, ‘cowardice’, ‘selfishness’, ‘drinking and gambling’. Lastly, proverbs from the Qur’an, regarding daily life put emphasis on ‘the importance of fair trade’, ‘value of labor’, ‘ banning money lending’, ‘enjoying sound life’, ‘limitedness of time and opportunity’, and ‘compensation for efforts’.