조선시대 관요 백자 명문의 성격

Abstract

Various carved words are found in porcelain produced in the Joseon Dynasty official kiln. Among these carved words, especially ‘天’ㆍ‘地’ㆍ‘玄’ㆍ‘黃’ and ‘左’ㆍ‘右’ㆍ‘別’ are representative carved words systems of official kiln from the late 15th century to the late 17th century. Until now, study on carved words of Joseon Dynasty official kiln porcelain have been mainly on carving style, characteristic, production time of porcelain with carved word and change by time. Related to characteristics of carved words, 天ㆍ地ㆍ玄ㆍ黃 means royal warehouse inside Gyeongbokgung Palace such as 'Churn' warehouse(The First warehouse), 'Gee' warehouse(The Second warehouse) is receiving much sympathy from many researchers that 左ㆍ右ㆍ別 is related to the working system of official kiln. In this study, those carved words of official kiln porcelain are reviewed relating with the working system of official kiln Joseon Dynasty and it is clarified that the official kiln porcelain with carved word are very close to the working system of official kiln. Summary of the content is as follows. First, carved words of ‘天’ㆍ‘地’ㆍ‘玄’ㆍ‘黃’ have reflected working system of two- shift 4 groups in the corvee system of early Joseon master craftsmen. Second, carved words of ‘左’ㆍ‘右’ㆍ‘別’ have changed corvee system by supply and demand issues of master craftsmen after during the reign of Jungjong, Joseon Dynasty and reflects the situation of operating by 2 group. Third, porcelain with carved word disappearing in the late 17th century official kiln reflects that there was huge change in master craftsmen corvee system and during the reign of Sukjong, Joseon Dynasty official kiln working system. Thus, working system also changes to three-shift as official kiln master craftsmen change from 'Corvee' to 'Employment' that this has caused the change of 左-右(left-right side) working method of official kiln andthen carved words by left and right disappear from porcelain produced by official kiln. This study has considered that official kiln porcelain with carved word is not indication to store in royal warehouse, but is related in Joseon Dynasty official kiln operation system. Moreover, problems of existing interpretation on references related to official kiln were pointed out to newly organize Joseon Dynasty official kiln operation system. Porcelain with carved word found in ‘天’ㆍ‘地’ㆍ‘玄’ㆍ‘黃’ systems and ‘左’ㆍ‘右’ㆍ‘別’ systems contain important meaning in understanding official kiln operation system and it is expected that study on this change of porcelain with carved word will help understand the operation system and change of Joseon Dynasty official kiln.