益山 笠店里 石室墓出土 馬具의 製作技術 檢討

Abstract

The horse trappings from Ipjeom-ri were found to have been decorated, which is a rare occurrence in the Baekje region. In addition, the bit mouthpiece had a double outer ring, which has been identified as a distinctive characteristic of Bakeje type horse trappings. Further examination of the Ipjeom-ri horse trappings following conservation has revealed new information on the manufacturing technique and form of these artifacts. The oval shaped cheek-pieces of the bit consisted of an iron base onto which a sliver plate and an additional iron border plate was attached using round-headed nails. The bit mouthpiece was not twisted but made using the coiling technique, in which the mouthpiece was covered with a fine iron coil. The bit rings were made using single pieces of iron and the right side of the ring contained traces of a rein-bit ring connection which was shaped like a stirrup or chain. This illustrates how the bit mouthpiece with double outer ring and this new type of rein-bit ring connection would have been used together. Based on the fact that features of the Ipjeom-ri horse trappings, such as the use of the connection ring of the bit rings and bit mouthpiece, appear as early as the fifth century AD, and given that the iron stirrups which are pentangular in cross-section show archaic characteristics, it is possible that the Ipjeom-ri horse trappings may date to the Hanseong Baekje period. This is also based on the cross-dating of the Chinese celadon jar with four ears found in association. The mid-fifth century AD has been posited as the production and use date in China for the Ipjeom-ri celadon jar. Therefore, if we take into consideration the process by which the celadon jar came to be acquired by the deceased, it can be suggested that the Ipjeom-ri deceased was in possession of the celadon jar and horse trappings by at least the third quarter of the fifth century AD. It may be suggested that the horse trappings from Ipjeom-ri were manufactured in the Baekje region. However, given that features of horse trappings from the Yeongnam region are also present, such as the silver fishtail shaped harness pendant, technological interaction between the two regions in the fifth century must also be considered.