1890년대 부산항 生牛의 일본 수출-『通商彙纂』의 기록을 중심으로-

Abstract

This study has been considered about situations of export live cattles(生牛) from Busan in 1890’s, based on『Tongsangwichan(通商彙纂)』. 『Tongsangwichan(通商彙纂)』related to the korea records was made up of report of Japanese consulate to Korea from 1893 to 1905. The report about situation and trade of each treaty port had taken up many parts, accordingly it was important part on this study. After the opening of a port, the export of korean cattle to Japan was mentioned along with trade of cowhide(牛皮) in Joseon, Rinderpest(牛疫) under Japanese Rule, measures against epidemics and cattle exports Quarantine Office in Busan. Understanding the specific situations about the export of korean cattle, however, must take precedence in this study. Busan port was the largest place that exported live cattles, from the opening of a port until before the era under Japanese Rule. This study analyzed the gender, the age, the average price, the place to purchase, the port of destination and the export outlet, also founded that factors that affect the increase and decrease in the exports through the trend of the exports. Korean cattle got framework better than Japanese cattle, it was a gentle-natured to work, above all, it was so cheap. Moreover, korean cattle had a high preference for human food. The increase of korean cattle exports was based on public favor and the preference in Japan. The increase of korean cattle exports, in addition to, was continued according to the depreciation in price of korean cattle and conveniences of exporters due to section 13 of the Enforcement Ordinance of the Agriculture and Commercial(農商務省令). On the other hand, the export had been decreased because of Rinderpest(牛疫), characteristics of season, farm household economy related to a good and bad harvest and booming the price of rice. During that time, the export of korean cattle was treated only in the subject ‘Rinderpest’. This study will play an important part in filling temporal and spatial gap of trade with Japan from the later part of Joseon to the era under Japanese Rule.