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John Donne's Body as a Deconstructive Strategy: With Reference to The Extasie
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The western metaphysics tends to presuppose the center, which results in the Platonic binary opposition such as reality/appearance, soul/body, and mind/material. This binary opposition often leads to a very serious problem of violent hierarchization and differentiation, namely, a structure of oppression and the oppressed. Derrida uses two stages of decon- struction to break up this hierarchical structure. The first stage is intervening in and reversing the hierarchy. For example, when there is a structure of speech/writing, the reversed hierarchy of writing/speech is the first stage. The reversed hierarchy is once again turned upside down by denying the newly privileged term. And the reversing of the fixed hierarchy is continued, resulting in chiasmus. The Elizabethan court, like the Elizabethan church, is hierarchical in organization. For one thing, the head rules the other parts of the body because, as the seat of reason, it is the noblest part. The fixed structure of spiritual love/physical love is distinctively dominant in many Elizabethan sonneteers such as Wyatt, Sidney, and Spenser, etc under the influence of Petrarchism. Donne does not entirely reject the Elizabethan tradition of love poetry. His love poems reflect the Elizabethan mode of thought. But in a way similar to Derrida, Donne tries to break up the tradition of spiritual love by reversing the hierarchical structure, with the emphasis on the physical love. He, especially in The Extasie, shows that the uniting of the souls is the purest and highest form of love, but this can only be attained through the uniting of the bodies as a medium. He chooses the word 'descend' in line 65 to mark the way the lovers' souls return to their bodies in that he views the shift from this ecstasy as a step down. It is an unavoidable step which leads to their perfect love. He uses 'sense' in line 67 which means that without their bodies they cannot live a meaningful life. In short, Donne attempts to make a statement of the interconnection and mutual dependence of the body and the soul.
Abstract
The western metaphysics tends to presuppose the center, which results in the Platonic binary opposition such as reality/appearance, soul/body, and mind/material. This binary opposition often leads to a very serious problem of violent hierarchization and differentiation, namely, a structure of oppression and the oppressed. Derrida uses two stages of decon- struction to break up this hierarchical structure. The first stage is intervening in and reversing the hierarchy. For example, when there is a structure of speech/writing, the reversed hierarchy of writing/speech is the first stage. The reversed hierarchy is once again turned upside down by denying the newly privileged term. And the reversing of the fixed hierarchy is continued, resulting in chiasmus. The Elizabethan court, like the Elizabethan church, is hierarchical in organization. For one thing, the head rules the other parts of the body because, as the seat of reason, it is the noblest part. The fixed structure of spiritual love/physical love is distinctively dominant in many Elizabethan sonneteers such as Wyatt, Sidney, and Spenser, etc under the influence of Petrarchism. Donne does not entirely reject the Elizabethan tradition of love poetry. His love poems reflect the Elizabethan mode of thought. But in a way similar to Derrida, Donne tries to break up the tradition of spiritual love by reversing the hierarchical structure, with the emphasis on the physical love. He, especially in The Extasie, shows that the uniting of the souls is the purest and highest form of love, but this can only be attained through the uniting of the bodies as a medium. He chooses the word 'descend' in line 65 to mark the way the lovers' souls return to their bodies in that he views the shift from this ecstasy as a step down. It is an unavoidable step which leads to their perfect love. He uses 'sense' in line 67 which means that without their bodies they cannot live a meaningful life. In short, Donne attempts to make a statement of the interconnection and mutual dependence of the body and the soul.
참고문헌 (15)
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