몸과 영혼의 갈등 양상의 차이: 던과 마블의 경우
Difference in the aspect of Conflict between the Soul and the Body in Donne and Marvell
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper aims to show that Donne is different from Marvell in the aspect of conflict between the Soul and the Body. It seems that 1540s was the age of discovery of the Body in terms of Vasalius' anatomy while 1640s was the age of invention of the Body based on the duality of Descartes. The world view of those who followed Vasalius in 1540s was that the human body, as a micro-cosmos, was thought to be both the miniature of the universe as a macro-cosmos and the reflection of God's image in the form of flesh. The belief in the human body's correspondence to the universe means that the human body and the universe were internally and externally united into one by the concept of the Great Chain of Being. In Donne's works such as The Extasies and Air and Angels, I can find the concept that the world and human being harmonize with each other through correspondence. For one thing, Donne rejected the conventional Patrarchism and argued that, to be a perfect love, the Soul must be in need of the Body as a means to reconciling opposites. Of course Donne put the Soul before the Body as a scheme of hierarchy, but he thought that one soul might influence another only via the body first. In this respect, Donne suggested the mutual dependence of the two sides. In contrast to this, although the Body must be thought to be the essential part of the Soul, Descartes thought that the Soul was basically separated from the Body in that the Body was not “I”, the subject of thinking. He said, “I think, therefore I am”(Cogito ergo sum), meaning that it was only the Soul that has the function of thinking and feeling. He regarded the Body as a machine or an automaton without the Soul. The dichotomy between the Soul and the Body in the name of dualism was reflected well in the poems of Marvell. Of course I cannot find any evidence anywhere that Marvell was influenced by the philosophical theory of Descartes, but I can assume that Marvell as an intellect read Descartes because Marvell was a contemporary of Descartes. For example, Marvell's works including Dialogue between the Soul and Body and A Drop of Dew showed well the conflict between the Soul and the Body, which resulted from being put asunder. In short, Marvell seems to put the contraction between the two sides into an unbearable state of discord.
Abstract
This paper aims to show that Donne is different from Marvell in the aspect of conflict between the Soul and the Body. It seems that 1540s was the age of discovery of the Body in terms of Vasalius' anatomy while 1640s was the age of invention of the Body based on the duality of Descartes. The world view of those who followed Vasalius in 1540s was that the human body, as a micro-cosmos, was thought to be both the miniature of the universe as a macro-cosmos and the reflection of God's image in the form of flesh. The belief in the human body's correspondence to the universe means that the human body and the universe were internally and externally united into one by the concept of the Great Chain of Being. In Donne's works such as The Extasies and Air and Angels, I can find the concept that the world and human being harmonize with each other through correspondence. For one thing, Donne rejected the conventional Patrarchism and argued that, to be a perfect love, the Soul must be in need of the Body as a means to reconciling opposites. Of course Donne put the Soul before the Body as a scheme of hierarchy, but he thought that one soul might influence another only via the body first. In this respect, Donne suggested the mutual dependence of the two sides. In contrast to this, although the Body must be thought to be the essential part of the Soul, Descartes thought that the Soul was basically separated from the Body in that the Body was not “I”, the subject of thinking. He said, “I think, therefore I am”(Cogito ergo sum), meaning that it was only the Soul that has the function of thinking and feeling. He regarded the Body as a machine or an automaton without the Soul. The dichotomy between the Soul and the Body in the name of dualism was reflected well in the poems of Marvell. Of course I cannot find any evidence anywhere that Marvell was influenced by the philosophical theory of Descartes, but I can assume that Marvell as an intellect read Descartes because Marvell was a contemporary of Descartes. For example, Marvell's works including Dialogue between the Soul and Body and A Drop of Dew showed well the conflict between the Soul and the Body, which resulted from being put asunder. In short, Marvell seems to put the contraction between the two sides into an unbearable state of discord.
참고문헌 (21)
- 이명섭, "뉴크리티시즘: 반실증주의적인 창조적 로고스", 현대문학비평이론의 전망 (1994), 서울: 성균관대학교출판부
- 최진덕, "몸의 자연학과 윤리학", 91~131 (1998)
- 최창호, "죤단의 연애시 그 이해와 감상" (1997), 서울: 형설출판사
- 필리프 코마르, "인체 - 에로티시즘과 해부학" (2001), 서울: (주)시공사
- 이영완, "똑똑해지려면 머리만 굴리지 말고 몸도 굴려라" (2008), 조선일보
- "히포크라테스 틀렸다’ 사람 몸 갈라 병 원인 찾아" (2005), 황상익[URL]
- Austin, Allen, "Eliot: The Literary and Social Criticism" (1971), Bloomington: Indiana UP
- Cornwell, Ethel F, "The Still Point. New Brunswick" (1962), New Jersey: Rutgers UP
- Hunt, Clay, "Donne's poetry: Essays in Literary Analysis" (1954), New Haven: Yale UP
- Clements, A. L, "John Donne's Poetry" (1966), New York: Norton
- Eliot, T. S, "Selected Essays" (1932), London: Faber and Faber
- Grierson, H. J. C, "Donne: Poetical Works" (1979), London: Oxford UP
- Grierson, H. J. C, "The Poems of John Donne", II (1912), London: Oxford UP
- Gross, Kenneth, "'Pardon Me, Mighty Poet': Versions of the Bard in Marvell's 'On Mr. Milton's Paradise Lost.'", Modern Critical Views: Andrew Marvell. Ed. Harold Bloom, pp.169~185, New York: Chelsea
- Engell, James, "Biographia Literaria or Biographical Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions" (1983), London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
- Macdonald, Hugh, "The Poems of Andrew Marvell" (1952), London: Routledge and Kegan Paul
- Nutt, Joe, "John Donne: The Poems" (1999), New York: St. Martin’s
- Patterson, Annabel, "Marvell: The Writer in Public Life" (1999), New York: Longman
- Reid, David, "The Metaphysical Poets" (2000), Harlow: Pearson
- Sawday, Jonathan, "The Body Emblazoned: Dissection and the Human Body in Renaissance Culture" (1995), London: Routledge
- Williamson, George, "A Reader's Guide to the Metaphysical Poets" (1967), London: Thames and Hudson