존 밀턴의 『아레오파기티카』에 나타난 “현명한 독자”와 검열, 그리고 자유의지
“Judicious Reader,” Censorship and Free Will in Milton’s Areopagitica
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of censorship from Areopagitica, focusing on "judicious reader" and free will. Areopagitica is a pamphlet written by Milton for the audience of English Parliament, as a defense of the freedom of the press and religious toleration. In Areopagitica, Milton asserts the injustice of censorship as an argument against the pervasive exercise of censorship of the time. He also covers the importance of free will along with the need for an open intellectual space for the successful religious Revolution. As theological ground of his argument, he points out that God gave men free will, thus enabling true obedience. As such, Milton argues that judicious readers should be given the room for free will in which they would judge for themselves. As some scholars have pointed out, Milton does not extend his argument to the modern notion of "free speech." He does not extend religious toleration to Popery, and advocates only a limited freedom of the press and toleration of Protestant. His argument is not entirely coherent as he employs various perspectives of Parliament and Puritans, and he also seems to admit some sort of post-publication censorship. Nevertheless, Milton's idea based on the notion that truth should be judged by judicious readers and their free will, and not by power, makes this tract an impressive and liberating rhetorical work even in modern times. Areopagitica marks an important place among Milton's works and English literature not only in the aspect that it's a pioneering work regarding the freedom of the press, but also in the aspect that it deals with the theological understanding of free will, which is the essence of Milton's ideology.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of censorship from Areopagitica, focusing on "judicious reader" and free will. Areopagitica is a pamphlet written by Milton for the audience of English Parliament, as a defense of the freedom of the press and religious toleration. In Areopagitica, Milton asserts the injustice of censorship as an argument against the pervasive exercise of censorship of the time. He also covers the importance of free will along with the need for an open intellectual space for the successful religious Revolution. As theological ground of his argument, he points out that God gave men free will, thus enabling true obedience. As such, Milton argues that judicious readers should be given the room for free will in which they would judge for themselves. As some scholars have pointed out, Milton does not extend his argument to the modern notion of "free speech." He does not extend religious toleration to Popery, and advocates only a limited freedom of the press and toleration of Protestant. His argument is not entirely coherent as he employs various perspectives of Parliament and Puritans, and he also seems to admit some sort of post-publication censorship. Nevertheless, Milton's idea based on the notion that truth should be judged by judicious readers and their free will, and not by power, makes this tract an impressive and liberating rhetorical work even in modern times. Areopagitica marks an important place among Milton's works and English literature not only in the aspect that it's a pioneering work regarding the freedom of the press, but also in the aspect that it deals with the theological understanding of free will, which is the essence of Milton's ideology.
참고문헌 (20)
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