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A Low-Loss On-Chip Transformer Using an Auxiliary Primary Part (APP) for CMOS Power Amplifier Applications

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초록

We propose a low-loss on-chip transformer using an auxiliary primary part (APP) for an output matchingnetwork for fully integrated CMOS power amplifiers. The APP is designed using a fifth metal layer while theprimary and secondary parts are designed using a sixth metal layer with a width smaller than that of theprimary and secondary parts of the transformer to minimize the substrate loss and the parasitic capacitancebetween the primary and secondary parts. By adapting the APP in the on-chip transformer, we obtain animproved maximum available gain value without the need for any additional chip area. The feasibility of theproposed APP structure is successfully verified.

Abstract

We propose a low-loss on-chip transformer using an auxiliary primary part (APP) for an output matchingnetwork for fully integrated CMOS power amplifiers. The APP is designed using a fifth metal layer while theprimary and secondary parts are designed using a sixth metal layer with a width smaller than that of theprimary and secondary parts of the transformer to minimize the substrate loss and the parasitic capacitancebetween the primary and secondary parts. By adapting the APP in the on-chip transformer, we obtain animproved maximum available gain value without the need for any additional chip area. The feasibility of theproposed APP structure is successfully verified.

참고문헌 (7)

  1. Jonghoon Park, "A Brief Review: Stage-Convertible Power Amplifier Using Differential Line Inductor", Wireless Engineering and Technology, 03(04), pp.189~194 (2012), Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.[DOI]
  2. Y. Kim, "CMOS RF power amplifier with reconfigurable transformer", Electronics Letters, 42(7), pp.405~407 (2006), Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)[DOI]
  3. I. Aoki, "Distributed active transformer-a new power-combining and impedance-transformation technique", IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 50(1), pp.316~331 (2002), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
  4. Ji-Seon Paek, "A 29 dBm 70.7% PAE Injection-Locked CMOS Power Amplifier for PWM Digitized Polar Transmitter", IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 20(11), pp.637~639 (2010), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
  5. Kyu Hwan An, "Power-Combining Transformer Techniques for Fully-Integrated CMOS Power Amplifiers", IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 43(5), pp.1064~1075 (2008), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
  6. C. Park, "CMOS class-E power amplifier (1.8-GHz) with an additional thin-film technology", IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 4(6), pp.479~485 (2010), Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)[DOI]
  7. Hua-Yen Chung, "A Full X-Band Power Amplifier with an Integrated Guanella-Type Transformer and a Predistortion Linearizer In 0.18-µM CMOS", Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 55(9), pp.2229~2232 (2013), Wiley[DOI]

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