19세기 散文의 美學的 特徵 -學術과 文藝를 중심으로-

Abstract

This study examined the aesthetic characteristics of 19th‐century prose, focusing on science and literature. The science and literature in those days are characterized by the prevalence of Han Studies, discourses of ‘Silsagusi,’ popularization of reading evidenced by the appearance of book collectors, the advocacy and pursuit of ‘Samhaneuiyeolnyeojeon’ as a subgenre of novel, and the production of various miscellaneous writings representing scientific and literary tastes in those days. The prevalence of Han Studies represented by exegetical studies and evidential studies in the 19th century developed into Han‐Sung debates in the academic circle and the debates found a contact point in the Theory of Compromise between Han and Sung. Later, Han Studies established a close relation with Lee Jeong‐li’s ‘Silsagusijae’ and Kim Jeong‐hee’s ‘Silsagusiseol.’ Accordingly, the discourses of ‘Silsagusi’ developed largely in two directions. One is ‘Silsagusi’ of Hong Seok‐joo and Hong Gil‐joo emphasizing utility and practice, and the other was Kim Jeong‐hee’s ‘Silsagusi’ of compromise between Han and Sung that reflected the academic achievements of the academic circles of the Qing Dynasty and the Chosun Dynasty. Moreover, in gear with the pursuit of erudition, a large number of books were imported and distributed and this led to the fashion and diversification of reading. The trend of reading diverse Chinese books resulted in the appearance of various reading lists, reading records, and book collectors. Kim So‐haeng’s ‘Samhaneuiyeolnyeojeon’ was born in the changing soil of literature, and Kim Mae‐soon and Hong Gil‐joo took the lead in advocating and arguing for the creation and reading of novels in their respective logics. What is more, miscellaneous writings representing the scientific and literary tastes of the 19th century showed diverse characteristics and patterns. Kim Mae‐soon’s Gwolyeosanpil argued the pursuit of literary styles through integrated thinking and the union of writing and morality based on the Substance‐Function Theory, and Hong Seok‐joo’s Hakgangsanpil showed the attitude of perceiving and receiving Han Studies and evidential studies critically from the position of Sung Studies. Different from them, Hong Gil‐joo’s Suyeosampil paid attention to unique and fresh techniques of reading and writing, and Hong Han‐joo’s Jisunyeompil, which is a miscellaneous writing representative in the late Chosun Dynasty, classified and deployed various types of knowledge and new information. Accordingly, the aesthetic characteristics of 19th‐century prose were developed based on these science and literature. In particular, they are closely related to the gentry class living in Seoul who preoccupied science and literature in those days and responded sensitively to scientific and literary trends in the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, research for identifying the scientific and literary characteristics of the 19th century can be a foundation for examining the science and literature of the gentry class living in Seoul in detail and understanding the aesthetic characteristics of 19th‐century prose.