『嶠南賓興錄』의 판본과 御考 科賦 試券에 대한 小考

Abstract

A binheungrok(賓興錄) is a book that contains details of local byulsi(a type of public officer test held for special occasions in Joseon Dynasty) held in Jeongjo era and the selected si-gwon(試券, answers). Among the six types of binheungrok, Gyonam Binheungrok(嶠南賓興錄) contains outstanding works of gwabu(科賦, rhymed pieces written for public officer exams) by yusaeng(儒生)s from the Yeong-nam region, that were directly reviewed by the king(eo-go, 御考). Unlike other binheungroks, bi-jeom(批點, marks left by the reviewer)s are engraved in some versions of Gyonam Binheungrok. This study reviews the versions of “Gyonam Binheungrok” and analyzes the evaluation criteria used by Jeongjo, based on the bi-jeoms he left on the selected answers. There is a Gyonam Binheungrok(嶠南賓興錄) version that includes the second book titled “Eo-go-udengsigwon(御考優等試券, selected works reviewed by the king).” There is another version of “Gyonam Binheungrok(嶠南賓興錄)” that contains the additional appendix with the engraved “Dosansisadanbimyeong(陶山試士壇碑銘)” and banchonchijesiilgi(頖村致祭時日記). Compared to the version that was made in the year 1792, the version with the appendix not only has a different structure, but also contains bi-jeoms with different shapes due to the engraving of the bi-jeoms. In the book of selected works, the bi-jeoms are left at the second, third, and fifth letters in certain phrases, but it is thought to have been left to indicate the phrase, not the letter. The Eo-go-udengsigwon(御考優等試券) of Gyonam Binheungrok contains four gwabu(科賦)s written by Kang Se-baek(姜世白), Kim Hee-rak(金熙洛), Kim Sang-gu(金象九), and Jo Shim(曺深). Each wrote a gwabu(科賦) with 30 phrases. Each phrase contains heo-sa(虛辭, function word) as the fourth letter and consists of six words(6言), following the typical structure of gwabu(科賦). Almost every phrase contains jeon-go(典故, reference from the classics), and Kang Se-baek(姜世白) and Kim Hee-rak(金熙洛), who got sam-sang(三上) grade, quoted from the same reference that was used in the prompt. Kim Sang-gu(金象九) and Jo Shim(曺深), who got sam-jung(三中) grade, each added a four-word nan-sa(亂辭, a statement summarizing a big idea) at the end, which distinguishes the structure of their works from the works by Kang Se-baek(姜世白) and Kim Hee-rak(金熙洛). None of these nan-sa(亂辭)s won Jeongjo’s bi-jeom. The utilization of nan-sa(亂辭) makes their work sway from the six-word(6言) format that was required in gwabu(科賦) in the late Joseon Dynasty, and the lack of bi-jeoms shows that Jeongjo didn’t like nan-sa(亂辭)s in gwabu(科賦)s.