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디지털 시대의 통상정책에 대한 연구: 전자적 전송에 대한 무관세 모라토리움을 중심으로

A Study on Trade Policy in the Digital Era: Focusing on Duty-Free Moratorium on Electronic Transmissions

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주제분류무역학

초록

일부 국가가 전자적으로 전송되는 해외 콘텐츠에 대해 관세를 부과할 움직임을 보이면서 통상쟁점화되고 있다. 무관세 모라토리움(moratorium)이 세계무역기구(WTO)에서 합의된 바 있지만 이를 영구화하자는 선진국과 세수 손실을 우려하여 반대하는 개도국 사이의 논쟁이 재점화되었다. 본 연구에서는 모라토리움 논쟁의 경과와 찬반 논리를 살펴보고 모라토리움으로 인한 한국의 세수 손실을 추정한다. 한국은 모라토리움으로 인해 2019년 한 해 동안 약 139억 원의 관세수입이 손실된 것으로 나타났는데 이는 전체 재정수입에 비해 극히 적은 수준이다. 반면, 모라토리움이 국내 디지털 콘텐츠 수출에 미치는 긍정적인 효과는 재정 손실을 압도한다. 한국 정부는 콘텐츠 산업 육성을 위해 모라토리움의 영구화를 적극적으로 추진하는 디지털통상정책을 실시해야 한다.

Abstract

A number of countries attempt to impose customs duties on electronically delivered foreign media content, which brings about new trade conflicts. Although duty-free moratorium has been agreed several times at the World Trade Organization (WTO), fierce debates between advanced and developing countries have re-emerged. This study finds out that in 2019 as much as USD 11.9 million worth of customs revenues have been foregone in Korea due to the moratorium, which accounts for a minuscule share of the country’s total fiscal revenue. On the other hand, moratorium’s positive effects on Korean digital contents exports surpass revenue loss. The Korean government should continue to support the moratorium.

참고문헌 (33)

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