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존 케이지 음악에 있어서 주역(周易)

I-Ching in John Cage's Music

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초록

For better understanding of John Cage, we have tried to approach his music with the alternative perspective, away form the conventional western way. We found that there were three philosophical sources which constituted the basis of his music. At first, Cage got inspired from the Indian philosophy and Buddhism that "Art is the imitation of nature in her manner of operation". And then from the Zen practice, he came to realize that the music should be freed from the personal intentions and memories of the composer so that it's proper sounds be produced within the "totality of possibilities". At last he discovered that the I-Ching was the perfect instrument for making the music which he idealized in its divine nature. He perfectly comprehended the principles of the chance operation of I-Ching and applied them to the composition of music; that is, starting from the elements of Yin and Yang representing sounds and silence, to the sophisticated manifestation of hexagram in the form of structural sound events.

Abstract

For better understanding of John Cage, we have tried to approach his music with the alternative perspective, away form the conventional western way. We found that there were three philosophical sources which constituted the basis of his music. At first, Cage got inspired from the Indian philosophy and Buddhism that "Art is the imitation of nature in her manner of operation". And then from the Zen practice, he came to realize that the music should be freed from the personal intentions and memories of the composer so that it's proper sounds be produced within the "totality of possibilities". At last he discovered that the I-Ching was the perfect instrument for making the music which he idealized in its divine nature. He perfectly comprehended the principles of the chance operation of I-Ching and applied them to the composition of music; that is, starting from the elements of Yin and Yang representing sounds and silence, to the sophisticated manifestation of hexagram in the form of structural sound events.

참고문헌 (25)

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  2. 김근수, "국어 대사전" (1991), 금성출판사
  3. 김석진, "대산주역강의1" (1999), 한길사
  4. 이기동, "주역에서 얻는 지혜" (1998), 동인서원
  5. 이민수, "莊子" (1994), 혜원출판사
  6. 이용우, "백남준 그 치열한 삶과 예술" (2000), 열음사
  7. 라다크리슈난, "인도 철학사" (1997), 한길사
  8. 리우샤오간, "장자철학" (1990), 소나무
  9. 王弼, "주역 왕필주" (2006), 길
  10. 장파, "동양과 서양, 그리고 미학" (1999), 푸른 숲
  11. Blofeld, John, "The Zen Teaching of Huang Po on the Transmission of Mind" (1958), Grove Press
  12. Bosseur, Jean-Yves, "John Cage" (1993)
  13. Brown, Carolyn, "Chance and Circumstance" (2007), Random House
  14. Cage. John, "Silence" (1961), Wesleyan University Press
  15. Campana, Deborah Ann, "Form and Structure in the Music of John Cage", 박사, pp.1985
  16. Coormaraswamy, Ananda K., "The Transformation of Nature in Art" (1956), Dover
  17. Dickenson, Peter, "Cage Talk" (2006), University of Rochester Press
  18. Huxley, Aldous, "The Perennial Philosophy" (2004), Harper & Brothers
  19. Kostelanetz, Richard, "John Cage Writer" (1993), Cooper Square Press
  20. Kostelanz, Richard, "케이지와의 대화" (1996), 이화여자대학교 출판부
  21. Legge, James, "The I Ching" (1963), Dover Publications Inc.
  22. Nattiez, Jean-Jacques, "The Boulez-Cage Correspondence" (1993), Cambridge University Press,
  23. Prichett, James, "The Music of John Cage" (1993), Cambridge University
  24. Prichett, James, "The Development of Chance Techniques in the Music of John Cage, 1950-1956", 박사, pp.1988
  25. Cage, John, "《Music of Changes》 I(Peters 6256). II(Peters 6257). III(Peters 6258). IV(Peters 6359).New York: C. F. Peters Corporation, 1963", ~

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