전문무역상사제도의 지속 가능한 발전에 관한 연구: 수출진흥서비스 플랫폼의 설계
A Study on the Sustainable Development of the Certified Trading Company System: Designing an Open Export Promotion Service Platform
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우리나라 정부는 중소기업의 수출을 확대할 목적으로 2014년부터 전문무역상사제도를 도입하여 시행하고 있다. 이 제도는 국내의 수출지원제도 가운데 유일한 법정 제도로서, 전문무역상사와 중소제조기업 간의 자율계약과 역할분담에 기초하여 운영되고 있다. 그러나 현행의 운영체계는 중소기업의 해외시장진출을 위해 효율적이고 효과적인 성과를 창출하는 데 한계를 보여주고 있다. 이는 국제마케팅 맥락에서 수출채널로서의 전문무역상사의 고유한 속성과 수출지원제도의 운영체계의 특성 등 다양한 요인에서 기인한다. 본 연구는 제도의 차별화, 전문무역상사의 선정조건, 전문무역상사에 대한 지원범위, 그리고 전문무역상사-중소제조기업 간 매칭방식 등 네 가지 측면에서 전문무역상사제도의 문제점을 분석한다. 이로 인한 제도의 정체성 위기를 극복하고 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 대안으로서 포용적이고 역동적인 운영체계모델인 수출진흥서비스 플랫폼을 제시한다. 이 모델은 전문무역상사제도 운영의 기본 틀을 새롭게 정립하기 위해 네 단계의 수준으로 설계된다. 즉 운영체계의 목표, 기본원칙, 운영관리, 그리고 운영통제로 구성된 운영시스템이다. 이 운영체계모델의 핵심적 과업은 전문무역상사제도를 중소기업의 수출진흥을 위한 오픈 플랫폼으로 정착시키는 것이다. 전문무역상사제도가 모든 이해관계자들을 위한 탁월한 가치를 창출하기 위해 운영체계를 부단히 혁신해 나갈 때 선도적이고 지속 가능한 수출지원제도로 발전할 수 있음을 강조한다. 끝으로 수출지원제도의 정책입안자와 제도운영자를 위한 정책적 시사점을 논의한다.
Abstract
The Korean government has introduced and implemented the Certified Trading Company(CTC) system since 2014, with the aim of expanding export of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs). This system is the only legal designation among the export support programs in Korea, and operates on the basis of autonomous contracts and role sharing between the CTCs and SME manufactures. The current operating system, however, has limitations in generating effective results for SMEs to enter the global markets. This problem stems from a variety of factors, including the very nature of CTC as export channel in the context of international marketing and the characteristics of government-led export support system. This study analyzes the problems of the current CTC system from four aspects: differentiation of system, selection conditions of CTCs, support range, and matching method between CTC and SME manufactures. Then, the study proposes an open platform of export promotion service for SMEs. It is an inclusive and dynamic operating management model, as an alternative to overcoming the crisis of its systemic identity and sustainable development. This model is designed at four levels to establish a new framework for the CTC system: goal of operating system, basic principles, management of operations, and operation control. First, the goal of the operating system is to pursue sustainability as a service platform for supporting exports of SMEs. Second, the effectiveness, accountability and quality of services are established as the basic principles to be shared and followed by all stakeholders in order to achieve the goal of operating system. Third, operation management to effectively implement the goal of operating system and basic principles is defined in three areas: design of system, implementation of system, and performance management of system. Fourth, the operation control activities are presented to manage the quality of operation through constant observation, analyzing and response during the execution process of the operating system. The primary task of the operating system model presented in this study is to establish the CTC system as an open platform for promoting exports of SMEs. The study emphasizes that the CTC system can be developed into a leading and sustainable export support system, when it constantly creates outstanding values for all stakeholders and continuously innovates as a business model. Finally it discusses the policy implications for policymakers and system operators of the export support programs.
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