과학기술인력양성정책의 변천사와 시사점

Abstract

The development of science and technology personnel is getting more important as a means to national growth with an advent of knowledge based economy. Responding to this, the government is implementing various systems and policies. These systems and policies appear in a form of science and technology personnel development project. This research examines periodic changes in science and technology personnel development policies from 1960's up to present, analyzes science and technology personnel development projects that the government conducted in 2009, and then suggests future directions and policy implications of science and technology personnel development. The periodic changes can be summarized as science and technology personnel development for light industries in 1960s, science and technology personnel development for heavy and chemical industries in 1970s, high level science and technology personnel development in 1980s, expanding high level education for competitive science and technology personnel in 1990s, and science and technology personnel development for new technology and policy building and executing for soothing the tendency to avoid science and technology career path of children in 2000s. Recent science and technology personnel development projects are mainly conducted by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and Ministry of Knowledge and Economy. In addition, main beneficiaries are graduate school students, veteran scientists, and undergraduate students, main objective is science and technology personnel development in basic science and high technology, and main project types are building and supporting education and training programs for science and technology personnel development and building and supporting infrastructure for science and technology personnel development. Policy implications, obtained through the periodic changes and analysis of the related projects, include deployment of science and technology personnel development projects based on the logic of selection and focus, early scouting and education of talented children, development of science and technology personnel in the area of fusion and mix technology, and development of qualitative and quantitative performance indexes to better grasp the performances of science and technology personnel development projects.