결핵예방 행동의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구: 자기효능감과 공포의 매개역할을 중심으로 한 건강신념모델의 확장
The Study of Factors Affecting Tuberculosis Preventive Behavior Intentions: An Extension of HBM with Mediating Effects of Self-Efficacy and Fear
0
조회
0
다운로드
82
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 건강캠페인 연구에서 대표적인 이론적 틀로 활용되어 온 건강신념모델(Health Belief Model)을 우리나라 국민의 결핵예방 행동에 적용하여 캠페인을 위한 실무적 유용성을 확보하는 한편, 감정적 요인인 공포감을 건강신념모델의 인지적 요인들－지각된 심각성, 지각된 취약성, 지각된 혜택, 지각된 장애, 자기효능감, 행동단서－에 새로운 변인으로 추가함으로써 개인들의 행동 결정에 영향을 미치는 감정적 요인을 배제한 건강신념모델이 지니는 낮은 설명력을 높일 수 있는 이론적 확장을 시도하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과, 건강신념모델의 여러 변인들 중에서 지각된 취약성과 자기효능감만이 우리나라 결핵예방 행동의도에 직접적 영향을 미치는 예측변인으로 설명되었다. 지각된 심각성, 지각된 취약성, 지각된 혜택, 지각된 장애, 행동단서는 결핵예방 행동의도에 직접적인 영향보다는 간접적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 감정적 요인인 공포감은 결핵예방 행동의도에 직접적 영향을 주는 예측 변인으로 나타났다. 지각된 심각성과 지각된 취약성은 공포감을 매개로, 지각된 혜택과 장애는 자기효능감을 매개로 결핵예방 행동의도에 영향을 주었다.
Abstract
This study, which employed HBM, showed that perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy among other HBM variables were found to be the only predictive variables with direct effect on tuberculosis preventive behavior intention in Korea. However, the effect of perceived susceptibility is minimal, insufficient to explain tuberculosis preventive behavior intention. Consequently, self-efficacy was found to be the only significant variable that can predict tuberculosis preventive behavior intention in Korea, among perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, perceived barrier and self-efficacy, which were known to be predictive variables for HBM. In contrast to the precedent studies both home and abroad, this study showed that perceived severity and perceived susceptibility-the major HBM variables - as well as perceived benefit and perceived barrier that continued to be supported as predictive variables did not have direct effect on health preventive behavior intention. Cues to action was also found to have no direct effect on tuberculosis preventive behavior intention. However, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, perceived barrier and cues to action had indirect effect, rather than direct, on tuberculosis preventive behavior intention. Perceived severity and perceived susceptibility affected tuberculosis preventive behavior intention by way of fear, while perceived benefit and perceived barrier had effect by way of self-efficacy. This study showed that perceived severity and perceived susceptibility as cognitive factors have indirect, rather than direct, effect on tuberculosis preventive behavior intention by way of fear. This indicates that predicting health preventive behavior intention with only cognitive variables of perceived severity and perceived susceptibility toward certain diseases, without fear, has its limitations. Thus it is necessary for the future health communication studies to actively consider fear and other emotional factors.
참고문헌 (52)
- 김영옥, "Health Belief Model(건강신념모델)의 이론적 분석 및 간호학적 유용성평가", 瑞江大論文集, 13, pp.417~437 (1994)
- 김희진, "우리나라의 결핵근절을 위한 범국민 결핵 홍보 및 교육프로젝트 개발" (2003), 대한결핵협회
- 대한결핵협회, "대한결핵협회 연보", ~ (2009)
- 결핵에 대한 지식, 태도 및 실천도 조사보고서, "대한결핵협회", ~ (1993)
- 박정의, "의학보도가 공중의 인지,감성,행동에 미치는 영향력 연구: 인구사회학적 변인을 중심으로", 한국언론학보, 47(5), pp.8~221 (2003), 한국언론학회
- 유석조, "신종 인플루엔자 예방 접종 의도에 대한 영향요인들 및 백신 부작용 보도의 영향 분석 : 건강신념모델과 계획된 행동 이론 간 비교", 한국광고홍보학보, 12(3), pp.283~320 (2010), 한국광고홍보학회
- 유선욱, "신종플루 메시지에 대한 심리적 반발과 공포감이 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향", 한국언론학보, 54(3), pp.27~53 (2010), 한국언론학회
- 이병관, "행위단서로서의 미디어 캠페인이 인플루엔자예방행동에 미치는 영향 : 건강신념모델의 확장을 중심으로", 한국광고홍보학보, 10(4), pp.108~138 (2008), 한국광고홍보학회
- 조성은, "위험지각태도와 규범이 자궁경부암 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 -우리나라 여대생을 대상으로 한 RPA 모델 적용을 중심으로-", 홍보학연구, 15(1), pp.58~98 (2011), 한국홍보학회
- 조희숙, "건강신념 모형을 적용한 한국인 건강관련 행동 연구에 대한 메타분석", 한국심리학회지: 건강, 9(1), pp.69~84 (2004), 한국건강심리학회
- 조성은, "위험지각태도와 규범이 자궁경부암 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 -우리나라 여대생을 대상으로 한 RPA 모델 적용을 중심으로-", 홍보학연구, 15(1), pp.58~98 (2011), 한국홍보학회
- "질병관리본부" (2011)[URL]
- 차동필, "고혈압·당뇨병 관리 PR 캠페인 전략개발 사례연구", 한국광고홍보학보, 10(1), pp.140~164 (2008), 한국광고홍보학회
- 손영곤, "유아의 구강건강 실천행동 의도의 사회인지적예측변인에 대한 탐구: 건강신념모델과 계획된 행동이론의 비교를 중심으로", 한국광고홍보학보, 12(1), pp.84~120 (2010), 한국광고홍보학회
- Armitage, C. J., "social cognition models and health behavior : A structured review", British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, pp.471~499 (2001)
- Bagozzi, Mahesh, "Public Service Advertisements: Emotions and Empathy Guide Prosocial Behavior", Journal of Marketing, 58, pp.56~70 (1994)
- Basen-Engquist, K., "Psychosocial predictors of"safer sex"behaviors in young adults", AIDS Education & Prevention, 4, pp.120~134 (1992)
- Becker, M. H., "Strategies for enhansing patient compliance", Journal of Community Health, 6(2), pp.113~135 (1980)
- Brown, L. K., "HIV prevention for adolescents : Utility of the health belief model", AIDS Education and Prevention, 3, pp.50~59 (1991)
- Carpenter, C. J., "A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of Health Belief Model Variables in Predicting Behavior", Health Communication, 25(8), pp.661~669 (2010)
- Cummings, K. M., "Psychosocial determinants of immunization behavior in a swine influenza campaign", Medical Care, 17, pp.639~649 (1979)
- Glanz, K., "Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice" (2002), Wiley & Sons
- Gore, T., "Testing the theoretical design of a health risk message : Re-examining the major tenets of the extended parallel process model", Health Education & Behavior, 32(1), pp.27~41 (2005)
- Harrison, J. A., "A Meta-Analysis of Studies of the Health Belief Model", Health Education Research, 7, pp.107~116 (1992)
- Hochbaum, G., "Why People Seek Diagnostic X-rays", Public Health Reports, 71, pp.377~380 (1956)
- Janz, N. K., "The Health Belief Model : A Decade Later", Health Education Quarterly, 11, pp.1~47 (1984)
- Larson, E. B., "Do postcard reminders improve influenza vaccination compliance? : A prospective trial of different postcard"cues"", Medical Care, 20(6), pp.639~648 (1982)
- Lau, J. T. F., "Prevalence of influenza vaccination and associated factors among community-dwelling Hong Kong residents of age 65 or above", Vaccine, 24, pp.5526~5534 (2006)
- Lazarus, R. S., "Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion", American Psychologist, 46, pp.819~834 (1991)
- Lee, B., "The Effectiveness of Entertainment-Education as Media Health Campaigns: The Effects of Entertainment Narrative and Identification on HIV", AIDS Preventive Behavior, 2005, ~
- Leventhal, H., "Findings and theory in the study of fear communications, In Advances in experimental social psychology, 5", pp.119~186 (1970), Academic Press
- Lin, P., "The health belief model, sexual behaviors, and HIV risk among Taiwanese immigrants", AIDS Education and Prevention, 17(5), pp.469~483 (2005)
- Mattson, M., "Toward a reconceptualization of communication cues to action in health belief model : HIV test counselling", Communication Monographs, 66, pp.240~265 (1999)
- Mok, E., "Prevalence of influenza vaccination and correlates of intention to be vaccinated among Hong Kong Chinese", Public Health Nursing, 23(6), pp.506~515 (2006)
- Mullen, P. D., "Health Behavior Models Compared", Social Science and Medicine, 24, pp.973~981 (1987)
- Nabi, R. L., "A Cognitive-Functional Model for the Effects of Discrete Negative Emotions on Information Processing, Attitude Change, and Recall", Communication Theory, 9(3), pp.292~320 (1999)
- Petosa, R., "Using the health belief model to predict safer sex intentions among adolescents", Health Education Quarterly, 18, pp.463~476 (1991)
- Rimal. R. N., "Understanding the Influence of Perceived Norms on Behaviors", Communication Theroy, 13(3), pp.184~203 (2003)
- Rodriguez-Reimann, D. I., "Acculturation and health beliefs of Mexican Americans regarding Tuberculosis prevention", Journal of Immigrant Health, 6(2), pp.51~62 (2004)
- Rogers, R. W., "Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation, In Social Psychophysiology", pp.153~176 (1983), Guilford Press
- Rosenstock, I. M., "Why People Use Health Services", Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44, pp.94~124 (1966)
- Rosenstock, I. M., "Historical Origin of the Health Belief Model, In The Health Belief Model and personal health behavior", pp.1~8 (1974), Charles B. Slack, Inc
- Rosenstock, I., "The health belief model and HIV risk behavior, In Preventing AIDS: Theories and methods of behavioral interventions", pp.5~22 (1994), Plenum Press
- Sheeran, P., "The health belief model. Predicting health behaviour", pp.23~61 (2001), Open University Press
- Strecher, V. J., "The Health Belief Model, In Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice" (1997), Jossey-Bass
- Winfield, E.B., "A comprehensive test of the Health Belief Model in the prediction of condom use among African American college students", Journal of Black Psychology, 28, pp.330~346 (2002)
- Witte, K., "Putting the fear back into fear appeals : The extended parallel process model", Communication Monographs, 59, pp.329~349 (1992)
- Witte, K., "Fear control and danger control : An empirical test of the extended parallel process model", Communication Monographs, 61, pp.113~134 (1994)
- Witte, K., "How to motivate protective action", Health Risk Communicator, 2(1), pp.1~2 (1998)
- Witte, K., "A meta-analysis of fear appeals : Implications for effective public health campaigns", Health and Education Behavior, 27, pp.591~615 (2000)
- "Effective health risk Mssa-ges, A step-by-step guide" (2001)[URL]
- Zimmerman, R. S., "Model of preventive health behaviour: comparison, critique, and meta-analysis", Advances in Medical Sociology, 4, pp.45~7 (1994)