서울시 세대별 1인가구의 주거특성 분석 및 정책제언

Abstract

This study analyzed the housing characteristics of single-person households in Seoul by generation, utilizing the “2015 Seoul Welfare Survey.” For an analysis, this study extracted only “single-person households” from data. As a result of the analysis, the housing ratios of ‘multi-family house’ and ‘detached house’ were the highest in 'the youth.’ Next, the ratios of facilities that are not houses, like ‘Jjokbang’ and ‘Gosiwon’ in the youth were 12.5%, higher than the ratios in the other generations. Thus, it turned out that the housing situation of the youth was very unstable. In addition, ‘monthly rent with deposit’ took up 47.3%, and home ownership was just 6.2%, so their housing situation was very vulnerable in tenure, too. Next, in the middle aged, too, the ratios of detached house and multi-family house were high, and in tenure, ‘Jeonse’ took up 47%; ‘monthly rent with deposit,’ 28.1%; and ‘owner-occupation,’ 23.9%. Also, in the middle aged, the ratios of ‘Jeonse’ and ‘Wolse’ were high. Lastly, in the elderly, the ratio of ‘apartment’ was the highest at 43.4%, and in tenure, owner-occupation took up 47.7%, and the ratio of owner-occupation was higher than in the youth and the middle aged. However, ‘Jeonse’ took up 29.9% and ‘monthly rent with deposit’ took up 19%, so the ratios of ‘Jeonse’ and ‘Wolse’ were also high. As a result of an analysis of the correlations among the variables according to housing type and tenure, income and assets had the biggest correlation. Like this, as compared to ordinary households, it was much more difficult for single-person households to own a house in all generations. The youth and middle-aged single-person households are groups to which so-called ‘Gold miss and Gold mister’ belong. However, there were only a few single-person households, who were well off, and most single-person households did not get out of multi-family house and were placed in a situation in which it was hard for them to get out of ‘Jeonse’ and ‘Wolse.’ In addition, as the characteristics of ‘NEET,’ observed in the youth in Korean society until now expanded to the middle aged, the characteristics of ‘the middle-aged NEET’ appeared as well. Therefore, based on the results of the analysis, this study suggested that the issue of the housing of single-person households should not be limited to certain generations for providing and supporting.