생활시간조사 개선을 위한 방법론 제안
An Improvement of Survey Methodology for Korean Time Use Survey
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초록
생활시간조사는 국민들이 하루 24시간을 어떻게 보내고 있는지 파악하여 국민들의 생활양식과 삶의 질을 측정하기 위한 조사로 우리나라에서는 1999년과 2004년에 실시되었다. 두 차례 조사는 한국인의 일상생활을 이해하는 데 유용한 데이터를 제공한 반면, 몇 가지 아쉬운 점도 지적되었다. 첫째, 생활시간조사는 1년 중 단 한 번만 실시되어 계절별 생활실태를 정확하게 파악하기 어려웠고, 둘째, 사용된 행동분류체계는 급속하게 변화하는 국민들의 생활상을 반영하기 어려웠으며, 셋째, 인간의 행동은 행동 자체만으로는 이해하기 어렵기 때문에 부가적인 정보가 더 필요하다는 점 등이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 생활시간조사의 실시횟수를 4회로 늘리고, PC와 인터넷 사용에 대한 설문을 추가하는 등 행동분류체계를 보완하며, 행위의 의미를 좀 더 정확하게 파악하기 위한 부가적인 질문을 추가하는 생활시간조사 방법론 개선안을 제안하였다. 덧붙여 향후 생활시간조사 자료의 효용성과 정책적 활용도를 높여야 함을 언급하였다.
Abstract
The National Statistics Office carried out the Korean Time Use Survey in 1999 and 2004 in order to collect information on how people spend their time a day. While the survey has provided useful data to understand the daily dynamics of Koreans, some shortcomings have been pointed out; first, because the survey was performed only once a year, seasonality of our daily actions was ignored. Second, the current classifications of activities did not represent rapidly changing patterns of our daily lives, failing to notice some important actions such as PC uses or invisible economic activities at home. Third, many scholars pointed out that we need to add more additional questions such as places of actions or with whom to perform actions to understand meanings of actions fully. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper suggests that the upcoming survey in 2009 should be carried out four times in a year and that some questions about uses of PC and Internet would be added and also questions about places and with whom would be included in the 2009 survey. In addition, we focus on the extended use of the current time dairy data.
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