근로자의 직업가치, 직무불안정성, 일과 생활의 불균형이 창업태도를 매개로 창업의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
The Effects of Worker’s Job Value, Job Instability, and Work-life Unbalance to Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Mediated Effects of Entrepreneurial Attitudes
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초록
기업환경의 불확실성으로 고용의 불안정성이 증가하고, 평생직장의 개념이 사라지면서 직장에 대한 헌신보다는 일과 삶의 균형을 중시하는 라이프 스타일이 확대되면서 직업선택의 가치관도 변화되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 근로자를 대상으로 직업가치와 직무 불안정성, 일과 삶의 균형이 창업태도를 매개로 창업의도에 미치는 영향력을 분석하고자 한다. 분석자료는 직장에서 근무하는 도시 근로자를 272명 대상으로 하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 프로그램을 활용하여 다중회귀분석방법과 소벨테스트를 사용하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직업가치 중 경제성, 자아성취가 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 근로자의 직무불안정성은 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 근로자의 일과 생활의 불균형이 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 창업태도의 매개효과를 분석한 결과 직업가치 중 경제성과 직무불안정성은 창업태도를 매개로 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 근로자의 기업가적 활동을 촉진시키는 노동시장의 특성에 대해 통찰력을 제공하였으며, 연구의 시사점으로 과거에는 직장인들이 은퇴 이후 생계 위주의 경제적 목적을 달성하기 위한 창업의 형태가 많았다면 최근에는 창업의 트렌드가 자아실현의 중요성 강조되고 있으므로 직장인들이 자신의 전문분야나 취미 등을 통해서 창업을 준비할 수 있는 방향으로 창업컨설팅이 필요할 것이다. 또한 향후 연구에서는 근로자를 대상으로 창업의도를 설명하기 위해서 다양한 변수와 방법론을 적용하여 연구가 지속적으로 진행되어야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This study seeks to verify Because of the uncertainties of companies, job instability is increasing, work-life styles are rapidly changing, and the meaning of job values are also changing. This study focused on the dynamic relationships among those factors: job values of employees. job-instability, entrepreneurial attitudes, and entrepreneurial intentions of employees. The data were collected from the employees of diverse companies. The analysis was conducted by SPSS Win 24 version. The results of this study were as follows. First, among the job-values, economic factors and self-fulfillment positively affected on entrepreneurial intention. Second, the jon-instability of employees positively affected entrepreneurial intention. Third, the unbalance of work-life of employees positively affected entrepreneurial intention. Fourth, the entrepreneurial attitudes positive positively affect on the entrepreneurial intention. This research will contributes on the studies of work values, job-unstability and entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial activities.
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