4차 산업혁명 기술기반 벤처기업의 기업가정신과 성과 간에 강점·기회요인의 매개효과
Mediating Effect of Strength and Opportunity Factors between Entrepreneurship and Performance of Venture Companies Based on 4th Industrial Revolution Technology
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 논문은 4차 산업혁명 기술기반 벤처기업의 기업가정신, 강점과 기회, 성과 간의 관계분석을 위한연구모형을 설정하고 강점과 기회요인의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 총 8개 업종의 363개4차 산업혁명 기술기반 벤처기업의 표본을 대상으로 하였다. 이를 위해 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 매개분석을 시행하였으며, SPSS/AMOS(25.0)와 Process Macro Model(6)을 이용하였다. 가설검증결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업가정신과 경영성과 간의 관계에서 강점과 기회의 검증 결과를 보면, 기업가정신은 강점, 기회, 성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나 기회는 성과에는 통계적으로유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 기업가정신과 경영성과 간의 관계에서 강점과 기회의 매개효과의 검증 결과를 보면, 기업가정신은 강점, 성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미쳤지만, 기회는 통계적으로 유의하지않았다. 본 연구의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 4차 산업혁명 기술기반 벤처기업의 특성이 기술및 시장변화의 속도에 따른 경쟁력을 유지하기 위해 요구되는 동태적 역량이 기회요인의 대응능력에영향을 줄 수 있지만 경영성과로 이어지지는 않는다는 것이다. 둘째, 본 연구 결과는 기업가정신이성과에 영향을 미친다는 기존 연구와 맥락을 같이 한다.
Abstract
This study set a research model to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship, strengths and opportunities, and business performance of technology-based venture companies in the 4th Industrial Revolution, and verified the mediating effect of strengths and opportunity factors. A sample of 363 4th Industrial Revolution technology-based venture companies in a total of 8 industries was targeted. For the analyses, confirmative factor analysis, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS/Amos(25.0) and Process macro model(6). The results of hypothesis testing in this study can be summarized as follows. First, looking at the results of hypothesis testing among variables for the research model, entrepreneurship had a positive significant effect on strengths, opportunities, and performance. And strength had a significant effect on performance, but opportunity had no statistical significance on performance. Second, looking at the results of the verification of the mediating effect of strengths and opportunities in the relationship between entrepreneurship and business performance, strengths have a positive mediating effect, but opportunities do not have a statistically significant mediating effect. The implications of this study are as follows. First, the dynamic capabilities required to maintain competitiveness according to the speed of technological and market changes, the characteristics of technology-based venture companies of the 4th Industrial Revolution, can affect the ability to respond to opportunity factors. However, it does not lead to business performance. Second, the results of this study are in line with previous studies that entrepreneurship affects performance.
참고문헌 (108)
- "이노비즈협회"[URL]
- "한국벤처협회"[URL]
- "한국여성벤처협회"[URL]
- Abatecola, G., "The personality factor : How top management teams make decisions : A literature review", Journal of Management and Governance, 17(4), pp.1073~1100 (2013)
- Abetti, P. A., "Government-supported incubators in the Helsinki Region, Finland : Infrastructure, results, and best practices", Journal of Technology Transfer, 29(1), pp.19~40 (2004)
- Acs, Z. J., "Employment effects of business dynamics : Mice, gazelles and elephants", Small Business Economics, 30(1), pp.85~100 (2008)
- Acs, Z. J., "The lineages of the entrepreneurial ecosystem approach", Small Business Economics, 49(1), pp.1~10 (2017)
- Alvedalen, J., "A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research : Towards a future research agenda", Journal European Planning Studies, 5(6), pp.887~903 (2017)
- Amit, R., "Strategic assets and organization rent", Strategic Management Journal, 14(1), pp.33~46 (1993)
- Amit, R., "The business model : Recent developments and future research", Journal of Management, 37(4), pp.1019~1042 (2011)
- Andersen, J., "A critical examination of the EO-performance relationship", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 16(4), pp.309~328 (2010)
- Andriopoulos, C., "Exploitation-exploration tensions and organizational ambidexterity : Managing paradoxes of innovation", Organization Science, 20(4), pp.696~717 (2009)
- Autio, E., "Effects of age entry knowledge intensity and imitability on international growth", Academy Management Journal, 43(5), pp.909~924 (2000)
- Barker, V. L., "CEO characteristics and firm R&D spending", Management Science, 48(6), pp.782~801 (2002)
- Barney, J. B., "Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage", Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99~121 (1991)
- Barret, H., "The effect of market orientation and organizational flexibility on corporate entrepreneurship", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 23(1), pp.57~70 (1998)
- Ben Hassen, T., "The entrepreneurship ecosystem in the ICT sector in Qatar : Local advantages and constraints", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(2), pp.177~195 (2020)
- Bryson, J. M., "Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organization" (1998), Josey Ball Publishers
- Burgelman, R. A., "Strategic management of technology and innovation", pp.2006, McGraw-Hill
- Chandler, G. N., "The founder’s self-assessed competence and venture performance", Journal of Business Venturing, 7(3), pp.223~236 (1992)
- Chen, C., "The mediating roles of differentiation strategy and learning orientation in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance", Corporate Management Review, 37(1), pp.1~40 (2017)
- Chiasson, K., "Faculty perceptions of moving a face-to-face course to online instruction", Journal of College Teaching & Learning(TLC), 12(3), pp.321~240 (2015)
- Cohen, B., "Sustainable valley entrepreneurial ecosystems", Business Strategy and the Environment, 15(1), pp.1~14 (2006)
- Coviello, N. E., "Methodological issues in international entrepreneurship research", Journal of Business Venturing, 19(4), pp.485~508 (2004)
- Covin, J. G., "A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 16(1), pp.7~25 (1991)
- Covin, J. G., "The measurement of entrepreneurial orientation", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(4), pp.677~702 (2012)
- Crick, D., "Small-high-technology firms and international high-technology markets", Journal of International Marketing, 8(2), pp.63~85 (2002)
- De Clercq, D., "The moderating impact of internal social exchange processes on the entrepreneurial orientation-performance relationship", Journal of Business Venturing, 25(1), pp.87~103 (2010)
- Dimitratos, P., "International entrepreneurial culture-toward a comprehensive opportunity-based operationalization of international entrepreneurship", International Business Review, 21(4), pp.708~721 (2012)
- DIN, "German standardization roadmap: Industry 4.0, Version 2", ~ (2016)
- Din, F. U., "Strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises to compete successfully on the world market : Cases of Swedish hidden champions", Asian Business & Management, 12(5), pp.591~612 (2013)
- Dyer, J. H., "The relational view : Cooperative strategy and sources of inter-organizational competitive advantage", Academy of Management Review, 23(4), pp.660~679 (1998)
- Fairoz, F. M., "Innovativeness and small business performance of Southern Province of Sri Lanka", Asian Social Science, 6(3), pp.1414~1426 (2010)
- Freeman, S., "Toward a typology of commitment states among managers of born-global firms : A study of accelerated internationalization", Journal of International Marketing, 15(4), pp.1~40 (2007)
- Ghazinoory, S., "SWOT methodology : A state-of-the-art review for the past, a framework for the future", Journal of Business Economics and Management, 12(1), pp.24~48 (2010)
- Giunipero, L. C., "Purchasing", supply chain management flexibility : Moving to an entrepreneurial skill set, 2005, pp.34(6), 602~613
- Grant, R. M., "The resource-based theory of competitive advantage : Implications for strategy formulation", California Management Review, 33(3), pp.114~135 (1991)
- Hair, J. F., "Entrepreneurial orientation and firm financial performance : The importance of considering intra-organization social capital", American Journal of Entrepreneurship, 12(2), pp.35~58 (2019)
- Hamel, G., "Competing for the future" (1994), Harvard Business School Press
- Hayes, A. F., "Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach" (2018), Guilford Press
- Hayes, R. H., "Managing our way to economic decline", Harvard Business Review, 58(4), pp.67~77 (1980)
- Helms, M. M., "Exploring SWOT analysis where are we now", Journal of Strategy and Management, 3(3), pp.215~251 (2010)
- Hill, T., "SWOT analysis : It’s time for a product recall", Long Range Planning, 30(1), pp.46~52 (1997)
- Hitt, M. A., "Corporate distinctive competence and performance : Effects of perceived environmental uncertainty, size, and technology", Decision Sciences, 15(3), pp.324~349 (1984)
- The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economy policy:Principles for cultivating entrepreneurship (Babson entrepreneurship ecosystem project), "Isenberg, D.", Babson College, ~ (2011)
- Jarrahi, M. H., "Artificial intelligence and the future of work : Human-AI symbiosis in organizational decision making", Business Horizons, 61(4), pp.577~586 (2018)
- Jiang, R., "Predicting the future of additive manufacturing: A delphi study on economic and societal implications of 3D printing for 2030", Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 117(4), pp.84~97 (2017)
- 조문증, "국내 클라우드 정책의 성과 분석을 통한 수요자 관점의 산업 활성화 연구", 인터넷정보학회논문지, 21(1), pp.159~167 (2020), 한국인터넷정보학회[DOI]
- Khandwalla, P. N., "The design of organizations" (1997), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
- Kiyabo, K., "Entrepreneurial orientation, competitive advantage, and SMEs’performance : Application of firm growth and personal wealth measures", Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9(1), pp.1~15 (2020)
- Knight, G., "Entrepreneurship and marketing strategy : The SME under globalization", Journal of International Marketing, 8(2), pp.12~32 (2000)
- Knight, G. A., "Innovation organizational capabilities and the born-global firm", Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), pp.124~141 (2004)
- Kotler, P., "Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation and control" (1994), Prentice Hall
- Lee, M. J., "Competitive strategy for paradigm shift in the era of the fourth industrial revolution : Focusing on business model innovation", Indian of Public Health Research & Development, 9(8), pp.357~362 (2018)
- Lee, S. S., "A study on development strategy of Korean hidden champion firm : Focus on SWOT", AHP technique utilizing the competitiveness index, 2018, pp.11(2), 547~575
- Li, Y., "Developing theory from strategic management research in China", Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.563~572 (2008)
- Lumpkin, G. T., "Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance", The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), pp.135~172 (1996)
- Lumpkin, G. T., "Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance : The moderating role environment and industry life cycle", Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), pp.429~451 (2001)
- Madsen, T. K., "Early and rapidly internationalizing ventures : Similarities and differences between classifications based on the original international new venture and born global literatures", Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 11(1), pp.65~79 (2013)
- Makhloufi, L., "Impact of entrepreneurial orientation on innovation capability : The mediating role of absorptive capability and organizational learning capabilities", Sustainability, 13(10), pp.1~20 (2021)
- Matsuno, K., "The effects of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on business performance", Journal of Marketing, 66(3), pp.18~32 (2002)
- Messersmith, J. G., "Entrepreneurial orientation and performance in young firms : The role of human resource management", International Small Business Journal, 31(2), pp.115~136 (2013)
- Miller, D., "The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firm", Management Science, 29(7), pp.770~790 (1983)
- Miller, D., "Miller, D. (1983) revisited: A reflection on EO research and some suggestions for the future", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 35(5), pp.873~894 (2011)
- Miller, D., "A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle", Management Science, 30(1), pp.1161~1183 (1984)
- Moen, O., "The born globals : A new generation of small european exporters", International Marketing Review, 19(2), pp.156~175 (2002)
- Morris, M. H., "Understanding the manifestation of entrepreneurial orientation in the non-profit context", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 35(5), pp.947~971 (2011)
- Neck, H. M., "An entrepreneurial system view of new venture creation", Journal of Small Business Management, 42(2), pp.190~208 (2004)
- O’Reilly III, C. A., "Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability : Resolving the innovator's dilemma", Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, pp.185~206 (2008)
- OECD, "The future of education and skills: Education 2030", OECD Education 2030, ~ (2018)
- Ovitta, B. M., "Toward a theory of new international ventures", Journal of International Business Studies, 25(1), pp.45~64 (1994)
- Peterson, R. A., "Entrepreneurship in organizations evidence from the popular music industry", Administrative Science Quarterly, 16(1), pp.97~107 (1971)
- Phan, P., "Technological entrepreneurship in emerging regions", Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1), pp.1~5 (2004)
- Porter, M. E., "The competitive advantage of nations" (1990), Free Press
- Pterson, R. A., "A meta-analysis of Cronbach’s coefficient alpha", Journal of Consumer Research, 21(2), pp.381~391 (1994)
- Rauch, A., "Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance : An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 33(3), pp.761~787 (2009)
- Rialp, A., "The phenomenon of early internationalizing firms: What do we know after a decade (1993-2003) of scientific inquiry?", International Business Review, 14(2), pp.147~166 (2005)
- Rugman, A. M., "How to operationalize Porter’s diamond of competitive advantage", International Executive, 35(4), pp.283~299 (1993)
- Saeed, S., "On cultural and macroeconomic contingencies of the entrepreneurial orientation-performance relationship", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(2), pp.255~290 (2014)
- Schollhammer, H., "Level of entrepreneurship and scanning source usage in very small business", Entrepreneurship : Theory and Practice, 15(2), pp.19~31 (1982)
- Schumpeter, J. A., "The theory of economic development" (1934), Harvard University Press
- Shrader, R. C., "How new ventures exploit trade-offs among international risk factors: Lessons for the accelerated internationalization of the 21st Century", Academy Management Journal, 43(6), pp.1227~1247 (2000)
- Simon, H., "Hidden champions of the 21st Century: Success strategies of unknown world market leaders" (2009), Springer
- Slater, S. F., "Does competitive environment moderate the market orientation-performance relationship", Journal of Marketing, 58(1), pp.46~55 (1994)
- Smith, J. A., "The behavior and performance of young micro firms : Evidence from business in Scotland", Small Business Economics, 13(3), pp.185~200 (1999)
- Spigel, B., "The relational organization of entrepreneurial ecosystems", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1), pp.49~72 (2017)
- Stam, E., "Entrepreneurial ecosystem elements", Small Business Economics, 56(2), pp.809~832 (2019)
- Stenholm, P., "Innovative behavior as a moderator of growth intentions", Journal of Small Business Management, 49(2), pp.233~251 (2011)
- Teece, D. J., "Explicating dynamic capabilities : The nature and micro foundations of sustainable enterprise performance", Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), pp.1319~1350 (2007)
- Venkatraman, S., "Regional transformation through technological entrepreneurship", Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1), pp.153~167 (2004)
- Weerawardena, J., "Exploring the characteristics of market driven firms and antecedents to sustained competitive advantage", Industrial Marketing Management, 33(5), pp.419~428 (2004)
- WEF, "The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What it means, how to respond, 2016", ~ (2016)
- Wiklund, J., "Aspiring for, and achieving growth : The moderating role of resources and opportunities", Journal of Management Studies, 40(8), pp.1919~1941 (2003)
- Wiklund, J., "Where to from here? EO-as-experimentation, failure, and distribution of outcomes", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), pp.925~946 (2011)
- Winkler, J., "Coping with strategic uncertainty : Framework development and scenario derivation for a JV decision in the Russian Truck Industry", Foresight, 18(4), pp.357~378 (2016)
- The travel & tourism competitiveness report, 2019, "World Economic Forum", ~ (2019)
- Yli-Renko, H., "Social capital, knowledge acquisitions, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms", Strategic Management Journal, 22(6, pp.7) (2002), 587~613
- Young, S., "What do researchers know about the global business environment", International Marketing Review, 18(2), pp.120~129 (2000)
- Young, S. P., "International entrepreneurship research : What scope for international business theories", Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 1(1), pp.31~42 (2003)
- Zahra, S. A., "Predictors and financial outcome of corporate entrepreneurship : An exploratory study", Journal of Business Venturing, 6(4), pp.259~285 (1991)
- Zahra, S. A., "Technology strategy and new independent biotechnology study of corporate-sponsored and independent biotechnology venture", Journal of Business Venturing, 11(11), pp.289~321 (1996)
- Zahra, S. A., "Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship : A longitudinal analysis", Journal of Business Venturing, 10(1), pp.3~58 (1995)
- Zahra, S. A., "International corporate entrepreneurship and company performance:The moderating effect of international environmental hostility", Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5, pp.6) (2000), 469~492
- Zahra, S. A., "International expansion by new venture firms : International diversity, mode of market entry, technology learning and performance", Academy Management Journal, 43(5), pp.925~950 (2000)
- Zhou, L., "Entrepreneurial proclivity, capability up-grading and performance advantage of newness among international new ventures", Journal of international Business Studies, 41(5), pp.882~905 (2010)
