서산 개심사 목조아미타여래좌상의 제작기법 연구

Abstract

The seated wooden Amitabha Buddha statue at Gaesimsa Temple in Seosan is crafted from pine wood using a traditional wooden joinery method, a technique employed to assemble multiple wooden parts of the statue. The head and torso are presumed to have been joined without nails, utilizing adhesives such as animal glue or fish glue. During the restoration process in 2022, which involved an investigation of the statue's interior and conservation treatment for regilding, the researcher observed the statue's internal structure. X-ray imaging revealed four wooden supports in the torso and one in the knees, which were likely installed to prevent wood deformation. Additionally, the white of the eyes was crafted from crystal, while the pupils were embedded with obsidian. The hands were secured at the wrists using mortise-and-tenon joints, and bracelets were discovered during the conservation process. This finding confirmed that the hands were fixed with mortise-and-tenon joints, after which the bracelets were separately c rafted and a ttach ed. The stratigraphic analysis of the statue’s surface layers revealed the following structure: a wooden base, an underlayer of fabric, a clay layer, a lacquer layer, and an outermost layer of gold leaf. Based on this analysis, the crafting process of the statue can be reconstructed as follows: the statue was first carved in wood, followed by the application of fabric for reinforcement. A clay layer was then applied to smooth the surface, which * Gyeonggi-do Intangible Cultural Heritage Master Sculptor, bulguk108@hanmail.net 68 불교문화재연구 제5호was subsequently l acquered. F inally, gold l eaf was applied to t h e lacquered s urface t o complete the statue.