Development of a novel method for neural activity assessment using microelectrode array technology
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Neurological disorders are related to exposure to various environmental toxicants. However, the toxicity evaluation of environmental chemicals through animal testing has challenges due to time delay and ethical problem. There are needs for advanced neurotoxicity assessments. The development of alternative toxicity testing methods is crucial for improving the time efficiency and accuracy of chemical safety evaluations while addressing ethical concerns regarding animal use. In this study, we introduce an innovative in vitro neurotoxicity assessment platform that integrates microelectrode array (MEA) technology to evaluate neuronal activity and network dynamics. Unlike conventional methods, MEA analysis provides real-time, high-resolution insights into functional changes in neuronal networks, enabling a deeper understanding of neurotoxic effects. Primary cortical neurons derived from fetal rats were cultured on MEA plates. Neuronal activity was monitored across six parameters: the number of active electrodes, mean firing rate, burst rate, spike-in-burst ratio, network burst, and synchrony index. This robust analytical framework facilitated the detection of subtle changes in neuronal function in neurotoxicity assessments. By focusing on functional neurophysiology, this method paves the way for more ethical, efficient, and precise toxicity testing. These findings suggested developing standardized alternative neuronal toxicity testing protocols. This platform not only enhances our ability to evaluate neurotoxic effects but also represents a significant step toward reducing animal use in toxicity research while improving safety evaluations for chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Abstract
Neurological disorders are related to exposure to various environmental toxicants. However, the toxicity evaluation of environmental chemicals through animal testing has challenges due to time delay and ethical problem. There are needs for advanced neurotoxicity assessments. The development of alternative toxicity testing methods is crucial for improving the time efficiency and accuracy of chemical safety evaluations while addressing ethical concerns regarding animal use. In this study, we introduce an innovative in vitro neurotoxicity assessment platform that integrates microelectrode array (MEA) technology to evaluate neuronal activity and network dynamics. Unlike conventional methods, MEA analysis provides real-time, high-resolution insights into functional changes in neuronal networks, enabling a deeper understanding of neurotoxic effects. Primary cortical neurons derived from fetal rats were cultured on MEA plates. Neuronal activity was monitored across six parameters: the number of active electrodes, mean firing rate, burst rate, spike-in-burst ratio, network burst, and synchrony index. This robust analytical framework facilitated the detection of subtle changes in neuronal function in neurotoxicity assessments. By focusing on functional neurophysiology, this method paves the way for more ethical, efficient, and precise toxicity testing. These findings suggested developing standardized alternative neuronal toxicity testing protocols. This platform not only enhances our ability to evaluate neurotoxic effects but also represents a significant step toward reducing animal use in toxicity research while improving safety evaluations for chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
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