周敦頤 「太極圖說」의 존재론적 가치론적 함의

Abstract

<Taijitushuo太極圖說> of Zhoudunyi周敦頤 was the most important and theoretical authority in establishing the ontology of Zhuxi朱熹. Therefore, Zhuxi insisted that the theory was one of the most important classical books in Neo-Confucianism system. Yet, because of theoretical conformity of the comments of Zhuxi and its influence, Zhudunyi‘s views often backed off the comments of Zhuxi. By unearthing the materials of <Taijitushuo> interpretation in Zhudunyi’s writing and contemporary materials such as <Tongshu通書>, Zhudunyi's views are suggested in this study. In <Hanshangyizhuan漢上易傳> of Zhuzhen朱震, <Liujingtu六經圖> of Yangjia楊甲, and <Thaijitu太極圖> that Huguangzhong胡廣仲 left, this two letters called ‘Yinjing陰靜’ are on the right side of Wuji無極 and Taiji太極 and this two letters called ‘Yangdong陽動’ are the bottom of Taiji太極-Yinyang陰陽. In synthesizing these materials and materials of Tongshu, Wuji in Zhoudunyi's <Taijitushuo> means the valuable order of the phenomenal world below Taiji and ‘Taiji’ means the physical origin of the phenomenal world below Yinyang. Implication of Wuji suggesting Zhoudunyi means sincerity on the life or vital power of excluding private desire or peerage. Zhoudunyi insisted that in the unified structure of <Taijitushuo> called Wuji - Taiji - Renji人極, the universal order and humane value both couldn't help being the same in structure and generation. Zhuxi inherited and developed it because he thought that this opinion of Zhoudunyi and the whole structure of <Taijitushuo> would be the most suitable in establishing the ontology system of Confucian that he would set up.