동학농민혁명 시기 지평 민보군 연구

Abstract

The Donghak Peasant Revolution spread to Gyeonggi-do Province and Gangwon-do Province after the Donghak peasant rebels rose to arms again in September 1894. The Jipyeong governor and Maeng Yeong-Jae, a former official, formed a military organization rationalized by Hyangak in the Jipyeong region to uphold the social order of the country districts. This military force crossed the boundaries between provinces to suppress the Donghak peasant rebels in Gyeonggi-do and the Hongcheon region of Gangwon-do. In the Jipyeong region, local gentries convened under Hyangak and mobilized artillerymen to operate military organizations efficiently. Trained artillerymen were Minbogun's primary human resource in the Jipyeong region before the Donghak Peasant Revolution. The Jipyeong Regional Office self-supplemented the manpower and supply deficiencies in the Gyeonggi Provincial Office to operate the Jipyeong Minbogun. The Jipyeong Minbogun was operated systematically by Yangho Dosunmuyeong. The Jipyeong Minbogun arrested and executed the leaders of the Donghak peasant rebels, mainly in the Gyeonggi-do region. They also commanded the righteous army centers in counties and prefectures of the same area. In late October, the Jipyeong Minbogun moved to the Gangwon-do region, won the Battle of Pungam-ri against the Cha Gi-seok faction, and attacked a large-scale army of allied peasants in the Yeongwol, Pyeongchang, and Jeongseon areas. The Jipyeong Minbogun were more than auxiliary troops for government forces suppressing the Donghak peasant rebels in the Gangwon regions, as they also absorbed Minbogun from other regions and carried out operations. When Hwanghae-do faced a crisis, they responded by moving to Hwanghae-do as reinforcements under the Sunmuyeong's command.As anti-Japanese sentiments rose after the Eulmi incident and Short Hair Act Order, the artillerymen regrouped under the command of the Jipyeong Minbogun artillery commander Kim Baek-seon in late November 1895. Kim Baek-seon and the Jipyeong artillerymen founded the Jipyeong righteous army with Jipyeong’s Confucian students. This militia provided the base for Hojwauijin and executed anti-Japanese righteous army activities.