플랫폼 경제와 사회보장의 과제

Abstract

The traditional social security system is structured based on social insurance systems, those are based on regular and standard employment relationships. Social policy assumes full employment, and the main target of policy is workers in an employment relationship in the labor market, and the employment relationship is generally a regular and standard employment relationship. However, jobs in the platform economy are temporary and unstable. As a result, many platform workers are outside the scope of social insurance protection. Despite the above limitations, the current social security law must be properly implemented in the platform economy. If necessary, new legislation may be considered that could help determine the status of platform workers as employees. The scope of social insurance subscribers should be expanded so that platform workers are also included in the scope of social insurance protection. Recently, the government has promoted policies that include various types of workers, including platform workers, as eligible for protection in the fields of industrial accident insurance and employment insurance. A good example is the ‘National Employment Insurance Roadmap’ announced in December 2020. The traditional social insurance system assumes a ‘company’ with an external appearance. However, the platform economy digitizes the workplace and makes business organization possible regardless of location. In the platform economy, it is difficult to find traditional social insurance legal entities, and as a result, the traditional social insurance premium imposition and collection systems are also facing new challenges. In response to this, industrial accident insurance and employment insurance have established new systems that imposes social insurance legal liability on platform companies. Additionally, new legislation is being prepared to more comprehensively regulate the social insurance liability of platform companies. In order to respond to the diversification of employment forms symbolized by platform labor, income-based social insurance plans are being discussed. In order to establi sh s uch an i ncome-based social insurance system, a real-time income information system(RTI) must be implemented and a collection system centered on the National Tax Service must be established. In the social service sector, the scope of participation in vocational competency development programs was expanded. Recent legislation has established a legal basis for all citizens, including platform workers, to participate in vocational skills development programs.